Scaling Problems in Home Care Applications

Mehta, Somil C.; Shulman, Jan; Dufour, A.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-63228-9.00012-7

Cited by 1 publication

(2 citation statements)

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“…Very small amounts of polyphosphate can bind to an existing crystal, causing formation of a higher solubility amorphous phase. ,,,, These particles are believed to have difficulty agglomerating with other particles or scale due to increased internal stress caused by the structure. , This can lead to the deagglomeration of larger particles into smaller ones that tend to remain suspended in solution (Figure ). This decrystallization and deagglomeration is often cited by polyphosphate manufacturers as a means of removing calcite that is already coating the interior of pipes. ,− …”

Section: Practical Overview Of Single Purpose Use Of Phosphatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similar to Fe/Mn, inhibition of calcite scale formation by dispersion can occur. ,, Negatively charged polyphosphate chains complex with colloidal calcium to produce particles with high negative charge, which discourages agglomeration (as explained under Sequestration). Particles that are not complexed by polyphosphate will not be held in solution through dispersion.…”

Section: Practical Overview Of Single Purpose Use Of Phosphatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phosphate Chemical Use for Sequestration, Scale Inhibition, and Corrosion Control

Lytle

Edwards

2023

ACS EST Water

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Water utilities commonly dose phosphates to potable water to (1) reduce aesthetic problems by sequestration, (2) inhibit calcium carbonate scale formation via threshold inhibition, and (3) reduce corrosion of lead or copper plumbing materials by forming protective pipe scales. Despite widespread use and increasing importance of phosphates, significant gaps in fundamental understanding still exist. This is partly due to the proprietary nature of some phosphate chemicals, causing experimental data and acquired knowledge for public water supplies to be considered trade secrets. Here, we summarize the current state of the science, provide operational guidance, and identify knowledge gaps regarding the use of ortho-and polyphosphates. The goal is to empower water scientists to improve phosphate chemical performance and to avoid unintended adverse consequences.

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