Scaling the drop size in coflow experiments

Microfluidic preparation and self diffusion PFG-NMR analysis of monodisperse water-in-oil-in-water double emulsions

“…This approach requires the introduction of a coefficient k to stop the solution becoming oscillatory due to the noise in the experimental data. The value of which must be chosen using a variety of approaches such as L-curve [41] and generalized cross-validation methods [42]. Since the experiments have been performed upon monodisperse emulsions, k can be chosen quite arbitrarily as it was found that the range of values could be used without affecting the overall results significantly.…”

Dripping and jetting in microfluidic multiphase flows applied to particle and fibre synthesis

“…A number of studies [20, 22–24, 40, 49–50] have made use of the coaxial configuration to generate droplets (Fig. 2E–F) and jets (Fig.…”

“…[49] extended the understanding of the dripping to jetting transition in coaxial devices by observing that the criteria We d > O(1) for jet formation is valid only if the Reynolds number of the dispersed phase liquid, Re d = 2 ρ d Q d /( πµ d d d ) > O (1). When Re d < O(1) , the Weber number does not accurately capture the transition from dripping to jetting.…”

Droplet confinement and leakage: Causes, underlying effects, and amelioration strategies

“…These instabilities have the appearance of droplets linked together by a thread and may lead to droplet formation at the end of the thread. Beading, also called jetting, occurs at high capillary numbers (Ca ¼ 0.2) 42 and depends on the respective flow rates of the oil and water phases 43 and on the interfacial tension. At the droplet formation geometry, the dispersed phase is extended by shear flow into an extensional capillary.…”