Scallop Immunology

González, Roxana; Muñoz, Katherine Erika Ipanaquè; Brokordt, Katherina; Schmitt, Paulina

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-809633-8.20896-0

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 128 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In order to assess whether or not the inducible PD-like models of 6-OHDA and rotenone caused inflammation consistent with neurodegenerative diseases, hemocytes were treated in same manner as the aforementioned experiments as they are important for nutrient storage, transport, and repair regulatory functions [26]. However, instead of rotenone, the LPS model was used for further construct validity.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of the Endogenous Opiate Signaling Pathway against Oxidative Stress and Inflammation: A Considerable Approach for Exploring Preclinical Treatment of Parkinson’s Disease

Zhu,

Neuwirth,

Cadet

2023

Pharmacology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Introduction: Oxidative stress and inflammation are major factors contributing to the progressive death of dopaminergic neurons in Parkinson’s disease (PD). Recent studies have demonstrated that morphine’s biosynthetic pathway, coupled with nitric oxide (NO) release, is evolutionarily conserved throughout animals and humans. Moreover, dopamine is a key precursor for morphine biosynthesis. Method: The present study evaluated a series of preclinical experiments to evaluate the effects of low-level morphine treatment upon neuro-immune tissues exposed to rotenone and 6-OHDA as models of PD, followed by an 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide cell proliferation assay and cell/tissue computer-assisted imaging analyses to assess cell/neuronal viability. Results: Morphine at normal physiological concentrations (i.e., 10−6 M and 10−7 M) provided neuroprotection, as it significantly inhibited rotenone and 6-OHDA dopaminergic insults; thereby, reducing and/or forestalling cell death in invertebrate ganglia and human nerve cells. To ensure that morphine caused this neuroprotective effect, naloxone, a potent opiate receptor antagonist, was employed and the results showed that it blocked morphine’s neuroprotective effects. Additionally, co-incubation of NO synthase inhibitor L-NAME also blocked morphine’s neuroprotective effects against rotenone and 6-OHDA insults. Conclusions: Taken together, the present preclinical study showed that while morphine can attenuate lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation and cell death, both naloxone and L-NAME can abolish this effect. Preincubation of morphine precursors (i.e., L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine, reticuline, and trihexyphenidyl [THP] at physiological concentrations) mimics the observed morphine effect. However, high concentrations of THP, a precursor of the morphine biosynthetic pathway, induced cell death, indicating the physiological importance of morphine biosynthesis in neural tissues. Thus, understanding the morphine biosynthetic pathway coupled with a NO signaling mechanism as a molecular target for neuroprotection against oxidative stress and inflammation in other preclinical models of PD is warranted.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of the Endogenous Opiate Signaling Pathway against Oxidative Stress and Inflammation: A Considerable Approach for Exploring Preclinical Treatment of Parkinson’s Disease

Zhu,

Neuwirth,

Cadet

2023

Pharmacology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, only the HH-fed pediveligers were able to induce the antimicrobial protein ApLBP/BPI1 . Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are membrane-anchored proteins that recognize a wide range of MAMPs/PAMPs and initiate the activation of intracellular signaling cascades, regulating the transcription of a wide range of immune genes [ 75 ]. The enhanced postchallenge induction of this receptor in the HH-fed veligers could be associated with the higher cellular membrane fluidity observed in these larvae, which could confer an increased efficiency to proteins that are embedded in these membranes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Diet Rich in HUFAs Enhances the Energetic and Immune Response Capacities of Larvae of the Scallop Argopecten purpuratus

Rojas

Cárcamo

Defranchi

et al. 2023

Animals

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Massive mortalities in farmed larvae of the scallop Argopecten purpuratus have been associated with pathogenic Vibrio outbreaks. An energetic trade-off between development-associated demands and immune capacity has been observed. Given that highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFAs) are essential nutrients for larval development, we evaluated the effect of diets based on microalgae low and high in HUFAs (LH and HH, respectively) on the energetic condition and the immune response of scallop larvae. The results showed that the HH diet increased cellular membrane fluidity in veliger larvae. The routine respiration rate was 64% higher in the HH-fed veligers than in the LH-fed veligers. Additionally, the metabolic capacity tended to be higher in the HH-fed veligers than in the LH-fed veligers after the Vibrio challenge. After the challenge, the HH-fed veligers presented higher transcript induction of ApTLR (immune receptor) and ApGlys (immune effector) genes, and the HH-fed pediveligers presented higher induction of ApLBP/BPI1 (antimicrobial immune effector) gene, than the LH-fed larvae. Furthermore, the HH-fed veligers controlled total Vibrio proliferation (maintaining near basal levels) after the bacterial challenge, while the LH-fed veligers were not able to control this proliferation, which increased three-fold. Finally, the HH-fed larvae showed 20–25% higher growth and survival rates than the LH-fed veligers. Overall, the results indicated that the administration of a HH diet increases cell membrane fluidity and energy metabolic capacity, which in turn enhances immunity and the ability to control Vibrio proliferation. The administration of microalgae high in HUFAs would be a promising strategy for improving scallop larval production efficiency.

show abstract

“…Like the rest of invertebrates, scallops possess only innate immune mechanisms of defense, where cellular and humoral components act in a coordinated and synergistic manner ( 6 ). Hemocytes, the immunocompetent cells, circulate within hemolymph and infiltrate tissues, constantly producing a great diversity of antimicrobial effectors ( 7 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Host Defense Effectors Expressed by Hemocytes Shape the Bacterial Microbiota From the Scallop Hemolymph

et al. 2020

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The interaction between host immune response and the associated microbiota has recently become a fundamental aspect of vertebrate and invertebrate animal health. This interaction allows the specific association of microbial communities, which participate in a variety of processes in the host including protection against pathogens. Marine aquatic invertebrates such as scallops are also colonized by diverse microbial communities. Scallops remain healthy most of the time, and in general, only a few species are fatally affected on adult stage by viral and bacterial pathogens. Still, high mortalities at larval stages are widely reported and they are associated with pathogenic Vibrio . Thus, to give new insights into the interaction between scallop immune response and its associated microbiota, we assessed the involvement of two host antimicrobial effectors in shaping the abundances of bacterial communities present in the scallop Argopecten purpuratus hemolymph. To do this, we first characterized the microbiota composition in the hemolymph from non-stimulated scallops, finding both common and distinct bacterial communities dominated by the Proteobacteria, Spirochaetes and Bacteroidetes phyla. Next, we identified dynamic shifts of certain bacterial communities in the scallop hemolymph along immune response progression, where host antimicrobial effectors were expressed at basal level and early induced after a bacterial challenge. Finally, the transcript silencing of the antimicrobial peptide big defensin ApBD1 and the bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein ApLBP/BPI1 by RNA interference led to an imbalance of target bacterial groups from scallop hemolymph. Specifically, a significant increase in the class Gammaproteobacteria and the proliferation of Vibrio spp. was observed in scallops silenced for each antimicrobial. Overall, our results strongly suggest that scallop antimicrobial peptides and proteins are implicated in the maintenance of microbial homeostasis and are key molecules in orchestrating host-microbiota interactions. This new evidence depicts the delicate balance that exists between the immune response of A. purpuratus and the hemolymph microbiota.

show abstract

Scallop Immunology

Cited by 4 publications

References 128 publications

Regulation of the Endogenous Opiate Signaling Pathway against Oxidative Stress and Inflammation: A Considerable Approach for Exploring Preclinical Treatment of Parkinson’s Disease

Regulation of the Endogenous Opiate Signaling Pathway against Oxidative Stress and Inflammation: A Considerable Approach for Exploring Preclinical Treatment of Parkinson’s Disease

A Diet Rich in HUFAs Enhances the Energetic and Immune Response Capacities of Larvae of the Scallop Argopecten purpuratus

Host Defense Effectors Expressed by Hemocytes Shape the Bacterial Microbiota From the Scallop Hemolymph

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About