Scandium, Yttrium, and the Lanthanides

A series of new heterometallic compounds containing cerium(IV) and lanthanide(III) with pyridine-2,6-dicarboxylic acid (dipicH(2)) have been synthesized. Depending on the Ln(III) ion and preparation conditions, we obtained four types of compounds. Type-I: one-dimensional coordination polymer, [Ln(dipicH)(H(2)O)(4)Ce(dipic)(3)].7H(2)O; Ln = La (1), Ce (2), or Pr (3). Type-II: ionic compound, [Ln(dipicH)(H(2)O)(6)][Ce(dipic)(3)].7H(2)O; Ln = Nd (4), Sm (5), Eu (6), Gd (7), or Dy (8). Type-III: octanuclear cluster incorporating a six-membered coordination ring, [Ln(H(2)O)(7)Ln(dipic)(H(2)O)(4)(Ce(dipic)(3))(2)](2).nH(2)O; Ln = La (9) n = 24, Ce (10) n = 24, Pr (11) n = 24, or Nd (12) n = 26. Type-IV: hexanuclear cluster incorporating a four-membered coordination ring, [(Ln(H(2)O)(5))(2)(Ce(dipic)(3))(4)(2H(+))].nH(2)O; Ln = Nd (13) n = 34, Sm (14) n = 26, Eu (15) n = 26, or Gd (16) n = 26. Crystal structures were determined for compounds 1-16. Tb and heavier lanthanides all form compounds isomorphous with Type-IV compounds. The observed structural variety is a consequence of the interplay of lanthanide contraction and kinetic effects involving water molecules, free as well as clusters, ranging in size from 6 to 26. A metal-centered luminescence sensitized by dipic ligand was observed in compounds containing Eu(III) and Dy(III) ions. Direct chelation, as opposed to bridging coordination, leads to enhanced luminescence. Resolved EPR spectra were observed for the Gd(III) compounds which are dependent on the coordination environment.

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cerium(IV)−Lanthanide(III)−Pyridine-2,6-dicarboxylic Acid System: Coordination Salts, Chains, and Rings

Prasad

Rajasekharan

2009

“…The reason for this ongoing debate is due, at least in part, to a lack of experimental data on soft donor complexes of actinides. Transuranic actinides are not only very rare and difficult to work with but actinides and lanthanides are also hard Lewis acids and strongly oxophilic, making isolation and characterization of f-element soft donor complexes a challenge. While an impressive array of novel f-element soft donor complexes has been discovered in areas such as organoactinide chemistry or actinide–ligand multiple bonding, classical Werner-type complexes of f-elements with exclusively N-donor ligands are very rare because of the rigorous conditions often required to prevent O-donor ligands from bonding.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation of Uranyl Dicyanamide Complexes from N-Donor Ionic Liquids

Kelley

Rogers

2015

An ionic liquid (IL) approach for soft-donor f-element chemistry has been demonstrated by the isolation of several new uranyl dicyanamide complexes through reactions of UO2(NO3)2·6H2O with dicyanamide ([N(CN)2](-))-containing ILs. The [N(CN)2](-) ions are able to rapidly substitute uranium's O-donor ligands, as evidenced by single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies on two anhydrous adducts of UO2(NO3)2 with [N(CN)2](-) ILs as well as by IR and NMR spectroscopic studies on solutions of UO2(NO3)2 in these ILs. By contrast, the slow reaction of UO2(OAc)2·2H2O with a nitrile-functionalized imidazolium dicyanamide IL in solvent and the reaction of UO2(NO3)2·6H2O with NaN(CN)2 at elevated temperature resulted in irreversible hydrolysis. The reaction of UO2SO4 with [N(CN)2](-) ions in an acidified aqueous solution resulted in the crystallization of a [UO2](2+) complex with biuret, a N(CN)2](-) hydrolysis product. [N(CN)2](-) ions in the form of ILs react rapidly with [UO2](2+) at room temperature, allowing ligand substitution with [N(CN)2](-) to out-compete the slower hydrolysis reaction, enabling the isolation of uranyl dicyanamide complexes and challenging assumptions regarding the affinity of uranium for O-donors.

“…The coordination chemistry of lanthanide nitrates with phosphine oxides has been studied extensively , because of the potential application of such complexes to nuclear reprocessing. , The relative ease with which their secondary structure can be altered to enhance solvent extraction properties and their chemically robust nature facilitates application in chemically aggressive environments. The complexes Y(NO 3 ) 3 (Ph 3 PO) 3 and Y(NO 3 ) 3 (Ph 2 MePO) 3 have a pseudo mer -octahedral geometry (if the nitrates are considered as occupying a single coordination site) but a fac arrangement with a less sterically demanding ligand in Y(NO 3 ) 3 (Me 3 PO) 3 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lanthanide Nitrate Complexes of Tri-Isobutylphosphine Oxide: Solid State and CD₂Cl₂ Solution Structures

Bowden

Platt

2011

The complexes Ln(NO(3))(3)L(3) between Ln(NO(3))(3) and (i)Bu(3)PO (=L) have been prepared for Ln = La-Lu (excluding Pm). The isolated complexes have been characterized by infrared spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and elemental analysis. The single crystal X-ray structures have been determined for representative complexes across the series Ln = Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Gd, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, and Yb and show the coordination geometry around the metal to be the same with 9-coordinate lanthanide ions and bidentate nitrates. Subtle changes in the coordination of the nitrate ligand occur from Sm onward. Changes in the infrared spectra correlate well with changes in the X-ray structures. Solution properties have been examined by variable temperature multinuclear ((1)H, (13)C, (15)N, and (31)P) NMR spectroscopy in CD(2)Cl(2). The spectra of complexes of the early lanthanides are consistent with the presence of a single species in solution while those of the heavier lanthanides show that more than one complex is present in solution and that two inequivalent phosphorus environments are observable at low temperature. The fluxional behavior is lanthanide dependent with smaller ions giving static structures at higher temperature. Complexes with tricyclohexylphosphine oxide show that the dynamic NMR behavior is also related to the size of the ligand. Analysis of the lanthanide induced shifts indicates minor changes in solution structure occur from Sm onward which correlate well with the solid state structures.