Scanning electron microscopic analysis of canal wall dentin following neodymium-yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser irradiation

Dederich, Douglas N.; Zakariasen, Kenneth L.; Tulip, J.

doi:10.1016/s0099-2399(84)80264-2

Cited by 169 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7]13 These changes are confirmed on the SEM images in this study in Group 3 with Nd:YAG lasing, after the NaOCl supported root-canal preparation (Fig. 3a).…”

Section: S-46supporting

confidence: 77%

“…An abundant number of studies have shown that direct Nd:YAG laser irradiation on dentin surfaces produces melting and recrystallization, which, in turn, causes a reduction in dentin permeability. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] In view of ''dentin melting'' 8 and ''reduction of the permeability of dentin'', 3 a number of investigators have attempted to improve the quality of the apical seal and thus to reduce apical leakage after apical filling. [9][10][11][12][13][14][15] It is clear from these studies that morphologic changes after Nd:YAG laser irradiation can influence the marginal sealing of the root-canal obturation.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Investigation of Coronal Leakage of Root Fillings After Smear-Layer Removal with EDTA or Nd:YAG Lasing Through Capillary-Flow Porometry

Michiels

Vergauwen

Mavridou

et al. 2010

Photomedicine and Laser Surgery

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Objective: This study investigates the effects of Nd:YAG laser irradiation combined with different irrigation protocols on the marginal seal of root fillings. Background data: Limited information exists regarding the effects of morphologic changes to root canal (RC) walls after Nd:YAG laser irradiation after smear-layer removal with EDTA on the sealing ability of root fillings. Methods: The 75 root-filled teeth (5Â15 teeth) were analyzed for through-and-through leakage by using capillary flow porometry (CFP). The RC cleaning procedure determined the assignment to a group: (1) irrigation with NaOCl 2.5% and EDTA 17% or standard protocol (SP), (2) SP þ Nd:YAG lasing (dried RC), (3) NaOCl 2.5% þ Nd:YAG lasing (dried RC), (4) SP þ Nd:YAG lasing (wet RC), or (5) NaOCl 2.5% þ Nd:YAG lasing (wet RC). Groups 1r to 5r consisted of the same filled teeth with resected apices up to the most apical point of the preparation length. Resection was performed after the first CFP measurement. Roots were filled with cold lateral condensation. CFP was used to assess minimum, mean flow and maximum pore diameters after 48 h, and immediately after these measurements, including root resection. Statistics were performed by using nonparametric tests ( p > 0.05). An additional three roots per group were submitted to SEM of the RC wall. Results: Through-and-through leakage was observed in all groups. Statistically significant differences were observed in maximum pore diameter: 1r > 3r, and 1r > 5r; in mean flow pore diameter: 1r > 2r, 2r < 4r ( p < 0.05). Typical Nd:YAG glazing effects were observed when the smear layer was present and exposed to the laser fiber (i.e., in the groups without use of EDTA) or when the fiber tip made direct contact with a smear-layer free RC wall. Conclusions: The reduction in through-and-through leakage is significantly higher with the Nd:YAG laser as smear-layer modifier than when smear layer is removed with an EDTA rinsing solution.

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“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7]13 These changes are confirmed on the SEM images in this study in Group 3 with Nd:YAG lasing, after the NaOCl supported root-canal preparation (Fig. 3a).…”

Section: S-46supporting

confidence: 77%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Coronal Leakage of Root Fillings After Smear-Layer Removal with EDTA or Nd:YAG Lasing Through Capillary-Flow Porometry

Michiels

Vergauwen

Mavridou

et al. 2010

Photomedicine and Laser Surgery

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show abstract

“…After irradiation with an air and water-cooled experimental Nd:YAG laser, Levy et al (1) observed the presence of sealed dentinal tubules and an improved debridement of laser-treated root canals as compared with results of conventional techniques. Dederich et al (2) reported melting and recrystallization of root canal wall dentin after Nd:YAG irradiation. Goodis et al (3) suggested that lasers can serve as an adjunct in root canal preparation.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of a 532 nm Q-switched nanosecond pulsed laser on dentin

Arrastia-Jitosho¹,

Liaw²,

Lee³

et al. 1998

Journal of Endodontics

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The purpose of this study was to determine whether a nanosecond-pulsed, frequency-doubled Nd:YAG laser emitting at 532 nm can be used as an altemaUve to mechanical methods of root canal treatment or as an adjunct to conventional endodontic preparation. Laser parameters whose thermal effects did not exceed safety thresholds for adjacent periodontal tissues were selected in a preliminary study. In 27 extracted human teeth, root canals were irradiated for 30 to 60 s at fluences of 2 to 2.2 J/cm2, and 10 Hz. Samples were observed using SEM. Laser irradiation could achieve smear layer removal after minimal manual preparation. However, results were inhomogeneous, and at higher energy densities thermal damage was observed, especially in the fully manually prepared samples. Nanosecond-pulsed irradiation at 532 nm can achieve complete smear layer removal. However, mechanisms must be developed to monitor laser effects and avoid potential damage to collateral structures.

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“…The increase in the mineral content of the surface relative to the protein component has been confirmed by several methods and seen with other lasers including Nd-YAG (31). Both COz and Nd-YAG lasers have caused the fusion of enamel and dentine with the melting and recrystallization of the mineral elements of teeth (32,33). The surface features produced by a given laser vary considerably with energy, density.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Scanning electron microscopy of otic capsule and calvarial bone ablated by a holmium-YAG laser

et al. 1994

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Abstract. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was performed oll holmium-YAG laser ablated bone in order to study the surface morphology of the ablation crater. An otosurgical bone model of porcine otic capsule and calvarial cortical bone was used. Otic capsule bone is dense and homogeneous whereas cortical bone is porous. Both bone tissues were studied under fresh and dehydrated conditions to investigate the role of water in the ablation process. Laser irradiation time was varied from 5 to 60s. Laser flux was 85mJ pulse-~ at 4-Hz pulse repetition rate. Globular spheroids of melted bone material were noted in both wet and dried specimens for both tissues. Several of these globules ruptured yielding an SEM image which suggests a violent ejection process. SEMs of dry cortical bone demonstrated the presence of fibres which reflect the selective removal of inorganic surface bone constituents with preservation of subsurface residual collagen fibres. The ablation crater walls in wet tissues appear rougher and possibly reflect a more violent ablation process due to water vaporization causing expulsion of bone material. In contrast, the crater walls in dry tissue appear smoother.

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Scanning electron microscopic analysis of canal wall dentin following neodymium-yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser irradiation

Cited by 169 publications

References 6 publications

Investigation of Coronal Leakage of Root Fillings After Smear-Layer Removal with EDTA or Nd:YAG Lasing Through Capillary-Flow Porometry

Investigation of Coronal Leakage of Root Fillings After Smear-Layer Removal with EDTA or Nd:YAG Lasing Through Capillary-Flow Porometry

Effects of a 532 nm Q-switched nanosecond pulsed laser on dentin

Scanning electron microscopy of otic capsule and calvarial bone ablated by a holmium-YAG laser

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