Scanning electron microscopic observation of the infection process of a Metarhizium strain Ma6 highly pathogenic to Phyllotreta striolata

Abstract

Background. Phyllotreta striolata is a worldwide pest that harms cruciferous vegetables. The use of pathogenic microorganisms to control pests is an important means of biological control. Using pathogenic microorganisms to prevent and control P. striolata has rarely been reported. Methods. In this study, the infection process of a Metarhizium strain highly pathogenic to P. striolata was observed by stereomicroscopyand scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results.The results showed that the attachment of Metarhizium strain Ma6 to the body surface varied; the conidia distribution was greatest in the tibia of the posterior leg with thick bristles and in the intersegmental abdominal membrane, and the spore distribution occurred least in the smooth and hard portions of the insect’s body. At the start of the infection, Metarhizium strain Ma6 generally grew from the body parts with gaps or connecting spaces such as mouthparts and the thoracic leg base and joints, then the spores germinated with germ tubes and penetration peg, and the penetration peg penetrated the body surface. Ten days after inoculation, the mycelia divided into conidia, and many mycelia and spores covered the entire adult insect’s body. Discussion. Spore germination occurred on the 5th day after inoculation, and many hyphae and spores covered the entire adult insect body within 10 days after inoculation. And the invasion into tissue gaps from the weaker areas is more efficient than intruding from the body hard surface. This may be the reason for the Metarhizium strain Ma6’s high virulence. This study preliminarily clarified the infection ability and invasion approach of a Metarhizium strain against P. striolata, providing evidence for evaluating the strain’s insecticidal effect and application prospect.