Scanning Electron Microscopic Visualization of Transition from Surface Pore Filtration to Cake Filtration Inside Diesel Particulate Filter Walls

Sanui, Ryoko; Hanamura, Katsunori

doi:10.4271/2015-01-1018

Cited by 17 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The visualization suggested that the bridge structure tends to form at the constricted area inside the porous channel formed by silicon carbide grains because the probability of PM trapping is strongly dependent on the channel diameter (Sanui & Hanamura, ). Therefore, the constricted area inside the porous channel is the easiest place to form the bridge structure for PM.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Electron microscopic time‐lapse visualization of surface pore filtration on particulate matter trapping process

Sanui

Hanamura

2016

Journal of Microscopy

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A scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to dynamically visualize the particulate matter (PM) trapping process on diesel particulate filter (DPF) walls at a micro scale as 'time-lapse' images corresponding to the increase in pressure drop simultaneously measured through the DPF. This visualization and pressure drop measurement led to the conclusion that the PM trapping in surface pores was driven by PM bridging and stacking at constricted areas in porous channels. This caused a drastic increase in the pressure drop during PM accumulation at the beginning of the PM trapping process. The relationship between the porous structure of the DPF and the depth of the surface pore was investigated in terms of the porosity distribution and PM penetration depth near the wall surface with respect to depth. The pressure drop calculated with an assumed surface pore depth showed a good correspondence to the measured pressure drop.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Electron microscopic time‐lapse visualization of surface pore filtration on particulate matter trapping process

Sanui

Hanamura

2016

Journal of Microscopy

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“…Then, it was put into DPF holder, made of stainless steel, and ceramic paste was used to seal around DPF sample and holder. In order to visualize the cross-sectional vertical wall of the DPF, the horizontal top wall was removed (8,9) . The top surfaces of the vertical walls and the holder were polished simultaneously and uniformly utilizing abrasive papers with grit sizes ranging from As a result, the PM included ash with a weight ratio of 11 wt.%.…”

Section: Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy (Stem)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Scanning Electron Microscopic Time-lapse Visualization of Ash Movement During Regeneration of Diesel Particulate Filters

Rodvanna

Srilomsak

Shinshi

et al. 2020

IJAE

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A movement and oxidation behaviors of ash during partial oxidation of particulate matters (PMs) was investigated through time-lapse visualization utilizing a field-emission scanning electron microscope and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The fine primary ash particles consisted of elements such as zinc and phosphorus. The components of calcium, zinc, phosphorus, and sulfur were included in the large-scale ash particles. These ash particles were gradually moved as the PMs Cake layer shrunk during the regeneration of diesel particulate filters. In addition, ash particles distributed in PMs cake layer have contributed to an enhancement of oxidation rate of the PMs.

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“…10 Although the particle sizes are significantly smaller than the pore size in the substrate, particles are trapped at high efficiencies by diffusion, interception, and impaction depending on the particle size and flow velocity. 11,12 The mass-based filtration efficiency under the early phase deposition is below 95%. Once the depth filtration is completed, an additional soot layer called ''soot cake'' is formed on the top of the substrate surfaces, which increases the filtration efficiency to more than 98%.…”

Section: Trapping Particlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of soot sensors considered for on-board diagnostics application

Kamimoto

2016

International Journal of Engine Research

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If emissions control systems and engine control devices experience a failure, the engine system may malfunction causing exhaust emissions to exceed the standard levels of the regulated emissions. Thus, the functional status of each of all primary control devices needs to be monitored for detecting possible failures, so that the proper action can be taken to warn the vehicle operator. This article reviews a soot sensor currently developed for on-board diagnostics to monitor a diesel particulate filter and detect the failure. Original equipment manufacturers have selected a resistive soot sensor for the on-board diagnostics application because of its commercial feasibility in terms of functionality and cost. The sensor accumulates soot particles in exhaust gas on the sensing element. Structure, design, and function of the cumulative sensor including the signal processing techniques are described. Since the sensor signal contains noises and fluctuations, the post-diesel particulate filter soot concentration is repeatedly measured over 100 times and averaged in order to ensure the measurement accuracy, so that the diesel particulate filter failures can be detected. In addition to the resistive soot sensor, this article reviews the status of currently developed continuous soot sensors such as an electrostatic sensor, an electrical charging sensor, and a radio frequency-based sensor. These sensors have major issues of packaging and cost to be resolved prior to application to production vehicles. This review article is based primarily on scientific literatures most of which were published a few years ago, but the development of new soot sensor concepts has been continuing in the industry. Three new soot sensor concepts all of which are under development are also reported.

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Scanning Electron Microscopic Visualization of Transition from Surface Pore Filtration to Cake Filtration Inside Diesel Particulate Filter Walls

Cited by 17 publications

References 7 publications

Electron microscopic time‐lapse visualization of surface pore filtration on particulate matter trapping process

Electron microscopic time‐lapse visualization of surface pore filtration on particulate matter trapping process

Scanning Electron Microscopic Time-lapse Visualization of Ash Movement During Regeneration of Diesel Particulate Filters

A review of soot sensors considered for on-board diagnostics application

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