Scanning velocity influence on microstructure, microhardness and wear resistance performance of laser deposited Ti6Al4V/TiC composite

Mahamood, Rasheedat M.; Akinlabi, Esther Titilayo; Shukla, Mukul; Pityana, Sisa

doi:10.1016/j.matdes.2013.03.049

Cited by 189 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The grains on the heat-affected region appear to be characterized by beta phase, similar to that observed by R. M. Mahamood et al 9 Generally, at a low laser scanning speed, there is a good bonding between the substrate material and the deposit powder. 9 The material of sample A is fully dense compared to material of the sample scanned at a high laser scanning speed.…”

Section: Effect Of Speed On Laser Metal Depositionsupporting

confidence: 82%

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The influence of scanning speed on the laser metal deposition OF Ti/TiC powders

Sobiyi¹,

Akinlabi²,

Akinlabi³

2017

Mater. tehnol.

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The paper describes experimental work performed on the laser metal deposition (LMD) of titanium carbide powders on a pure titanium substrate. The understanding the effect of LMD processing parameters is vital in controlling the properties of the final product fabricated from the LMD process. The objective of the study is to characterize the influence of the laser scanning speed of the metal deposition of titanium and titanium carbide powders on a pure titanium substrate. Microstructural results showed that the substrate is characterized by two-phase morphology; alpha and beta phases. The deposit zone microstructures showed that the grains are of continuous columnar in nature. The heat-affected zone region grain areas appear to decrease with increasing in scanning speed for different samples at different scanning speeds. The height of samples was observed to decrease with an increase in the scanning speed. The microhardness results showed that the hardness of the deposits is greater than the hardness of the substrate. Wear-resistance performance results showed that the coefficient of friction of the substrate is greater than the coefficient of friction of the deposit samples. Similarly, the wear volume loss of material of the substrate is higher than the deposits. The deposit contains titanium carbide and, as such, this powder has improved the wear resistance performance of the substrate. Keywords: titanium, lasers, metal deposition, scanning speed lanek opisuje eksperimentalno delo pri laserskem nana{anju (angl. LMD) prahu titanovega karbida na podlago iz~istega titana. Upo{tevanje u~inkov LMD procesnih parametrov je klju~no za kontrolo lastnosti kon~nega proizvoda, izdelanega z LMD postopkom. Namen {tudije je dolo~iti vpliv hitrosti skeniranja laserja na nana{anje prahu kovinskega titana in titanovega karbida na podlago iz~istega titana. Rezultati mikrostrukturne karakterizacije so pokazali, da je za podlago zna~ilna dvofazna morfologija; alfa-in beta faza. Mikrostruktura nane{ene plasti je pokazala, da so zrna obi~ajno stebraste strukture. Zrna v podro~ju toplotno vplivane cone se zmanj{ujejo z nara{~anjem hitrosti skeniranja, pri razli~nih vzorcih in razli~nih hitrostih skeniranja. Vi{ina vzorcev pri razli~nih hitrostih skeniranja, se je zmanj{evala z nara{~anjem hitrosti skeniranja. Rezultati mikrotrdote so pokazali, da je trdota nanosa ve~ja od trdote podlage. Obna{anje pri obrabi je pokazalo, da je koeficient trenja podlage ve~ji kot pa koeficient trenja nanosa. Izguba materiala zaradi obrabe je ve~ja pri podlagi kot pa pri nanosu. Nanos vsebuje titanov karbid, zato je ta prah pove~al obrabno odpornost podlage.

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Section: Effect Of Speed On Laser Metal Depositionsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…9 The material of sample A is fully dense compared to material of the sample scanned at a high laser scanning speed. The optical micrograph of the other five samples is shown in Figures 4b to 4f).…”

Section: Effect Of Speed On Laser Metal Depositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of scanning speed on the laser metal deposition OF Ti/TiC powders

Sobiyi¹,

Akinlabi²,

Akinlabi³

2017

Mater. tehnol.

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“…The reason for this was attributed to the unmelted carbide (UMC) particles, whose size and quantity were found to be responsible for the wear behaviour of the laser metal deposited TiC/Ti6Al4V composite. 16 The present investigation shows that it was not only the unmelted carbide particles that were responsible for the wear-resistance behaviour, the Ti 3 Al intermetallic formed also contributed to it. The XRD analysis (Figure 5) revealed that the Ti 3 Al intermetallic was changing with the change in the scanning speed, and it is also found to have an effect on the wear-resistance behaviour, as shown in Figure 4a.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 54%

“…The large unmelted TiC particles cause damage to the Also, as shown in a previous study, as the scanning speed was increased, the size and the quantity of the unmelted TiC particles also increased, which formed a powder lubricant that inhibits the wear action as the sliding action progresses. 16 The Ti 3 Al also mimics the behaviour of the unmelted carbide action as it is also hard and brittle, which also forms a powder lubricant as the sliding wear action continues, due to rubbing and grinding of the Ti 3 Al and the unmelted carbide particles (Figue 6) as the wear action continues. The particle size of these Ti 3 Al intermetallic and the smaller unmelted TiC carbide particles are reduced in size as they are rubbed against one another during the wear experiment.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is characterized by parallel ploughing grooves, as shown in Figure 7a, and their formation is as a result of the combination of abrasive wear, adhesive wear and plastic deformation. 16 The wear tracks of the samples at 0.015 m/s are shown in Figure 7b, while that of the sample at a scanning speed of 0.065 m/s is shown in Figure 7c and the wear track of the sample at the scanning speed of 0.105 m/s is shown in Figure 7d. At a low scanning speed, the UMC and the Ti 3 Al seen in the microstructure are less than those seen at the higher scanning speed.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of scanning speed on the intermetallic produced in-situ in laser-metal-deposited TiC/Ti6Al4V composite

Mahamood¹,

Akinlabi²

2017

Mater. Tehnol.

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The effect of scanning speed on titanium aluminide Ti3Al produced in-situ during laser metal deposited TiC/Ti6Al4V has been investigated and its effect on the microhardness and wear-resistance properties has been studied. In this study, the titanium alloy Ti6Al4V (an important aerospace alloy) was deposited in combination with titanium carbide TiC using a laser metal deposition process. The laser power was maintained at 3.2 kW throughout the deposition process. The powder flow rate and the gas flow rate were also kept at constant values of 2.88 g/min and 2 l/min, respectively. The scanning speed was varied between 0.015 and 0.105 m/s, and the influence of the scanning speed on the titanium aluminide (Ti3Al) produced in-situ was studied, and its effect on the wear resistance behaviour was also investigated. The study revealed that as the scanning speed was initially increased, the Ti3Al produced in-situ was found to increase and the wear resistance was found to improve. As the scanning speed was further increased beyond 0.06 m/s, the Ti3Al produced and the wear resistance were found to decrease. Keywords: laser metal deposition process, microhardness, microstructure, titanium alloy, Ti 3 Al, wear resistance Preiskovan je bil vpliv hitrosti skeniranja na in-situ nastanek titanovega aluminida -Ti3Al, izdelanega med lasersko depozicijo TiC/Ti6Al4V ter prou~evan je bil njen vpliv na mikrotrdoto in obrabne lastnosti. V tej {tudiji je bila titanova zlitina -Ti6Al4V (pomembna zlitina za letalstvo), nane{ena v kombinaciji s titanovim karbidom -TiC, s pomo~jo postopka laserskega nana{anja. Med postopkom nana{anja je bila vzdr`evana mo~laserja pri 3,2 kW. Hitrosti toka prahu in toka plina sta bili zadr`ani pri konstantnih vrednostih 2,88 g/min in 2 l/min. Hitrost skeniranja se je spreminjala med 0,015 in 0,105 m/s. [tudiran je bil vpliv hitrosti skeniranja na in-situ nastanek titanovega aluminide (Ti3Al) ter njen vpliv na obna{anje pri obrabi. [tudija je odkrila, da je za~etno pove~anje hitrosti skeniranja pove~alo in-situ nastajanje Ti3Al, pove~ala se je tudi odpornost proti obrabi. Pri nadaljnjem pove~evanju hitrosti skeniranja nad 0,06 m/s, je bilo ugotovljeno zmanj{anje nastajanja Ti3Al in zmanj{anje odpornosti proti obrabi. Klju~ne besede: postopek nana{anja kovine z laserjem, mikrotrdota, mikrostruktura, titanova zlitina, Ti3Al, odpornost proti obrabi

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