Scapular Resting Posture and Scapulohumeral Rhythm Adaptations in Volleyball Players: Implications for Clinical Shoulder Assessment in Athletes

Pascoal, Augusto Gil; Ribeiro, Andrea; Infante, Jorge

doi:10.3390/sports11060114

Cited by 1 publication

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References 42 publications

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“…Future studies with extended recruitment periods and larger sample sizes are needed to further investigate the scapular (mal)adaptive movement patterns resulting from repetitive unilateral overhead throwing. Whether altered scapular kinematics is detrimental to shoulder function, poses a risk factor for shoulder injuries and pain, or is just a normal adaptation to chronic throwing exposure is the subject of ongoing debate [1,2,[32][33][34][35] and conflicting findings [3,[35][36][37][38][39] in the literature. In our preliminary analysis, we did not observe statistically significant differences in scapular motion between athletes with and without scapular dyskinesis, as well as non-athletes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Diagonal Movement Pattern of Arm Elevation and Depression in Overhead Throwing Athletes: An Exploratory Kinematic Analysis for Clinical Application

Morais,

Ferreira,

Gordo

et al. 2023

Applied Sciences

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Assessing scapular position and motion during functional arm movement patterns may add relevant information to the evaluation of the clinical status and athletic performance of overhead sports athletes’ shoulders. This study aimed to examine the three-dimensional scapular kinematics of elite volleyball players with (n = 11) and without scapular dyskinesis (n = 11) in comparison to non-athletes (n = 27). Four distinct arm elevation/depression tasks were assessed: shoulder abduction/adduction, flexion/extension, scaption, and a diagonal movement pattern mimicking throwing (proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation diagonal 2 for flexion/extension or PNF–D2–flx/ext). Kinematic data was recorded from the spiking/dominant shoulder using an electromagnetic system (FASTRAK, Polhemus Inc., Colchester, VT, USA); MotionMonitor v9 software, Innovative Sports Training, Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). The study compared scapular rotations at 15° intervals of humero-thoracic (HT) angles, ranging from minimum to 120°. Significantly different 3D scapular kinematics were observed between traditional arm motion tasks and PNF–D2 arm motion task (HT angle × task interaction effect, p < 0.001, 0.275 ≤ ηp2 ≤ 0.772). However, when considering the combined influence of phase, HT angle, task, and group factors, no differences were found between groups (phase × HT angle × task × group, p ≥ 0.161, 0.032 ≤ ηp2 ≤ 0.058). The inclusion of a functional arm movement pattern when evaluating scapular position and movement in overhead athletes does not appear to be mandatory. However, these findings are preliminary and highlight the need for more research in this area.

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