Scattering interference signature of a pair density wave state in the cuprate pseudogap phase

Wang, Shuqiu; Choubey, Peayush; Chong, Yi Xue; Chen, Weijiong; Ren, Wangping; Eisaki, H.; Uchida, S.; Hirschfeld, P. J.; Davis, J. C.

doi:10.1038/s41467-021-26028-x

Cited by 12 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 56 publications

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“…Among the theoretical approaches that include it, there are two extremes in terms of perspective: (i ) The "subdominant order" view, in which the uniform SC, CDW and SDW orders are the principle orders while PDW order appearsif at all -where the other orders are not too strong. (ii ) The "mother of all orders" view [14][15][16][17]55] which proposes that PDW ordering is the strongest, or one of the strongest ordering tendencies. This latter perspective underlies the suggestion that some form of fluctuating PDW order is much more robust than uniform SC order, such that it gives rise to the pseudo-gap phenomena at temperatures well above T c , and to the suggestion that all observed CDW correlations arise as second harmonics of an underlying primary PDW order -i.e., they arise when and only when PDW correlations are strong.…”

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Pair-density wave signature observed by x-ray scattering in La-based high-Tc cuprates

Lee,

Kivelson,

Wang

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Suggestive, but indirect evidence of the existence of pair-density wave (PDW) order in several high-Tc cuprates has been reported. As this constitutes a new quantum phase of matter, it is important to establish its existence at least somewhere in the phase diagram. However, a direct correspondence between experiment and theory has remained elusive. Here, we report the observation of a theoretically predicted PDW bulk signature in two La-based cuprates, Sr-doped La1.875Ba0.125CuO4 and Fe-doped La1.87Sr0.13CuO4, through a comprehensive study that incorporates zero-magnetic field x-ray scattering, neutron scattering, and transport measurements. Specifically, we observe the emergence of so-called "1Q" order, which is to say subharmonic order associated with the charge-density wave (CDW) stripes, in a range of temperatures in which independent evidence suggests the co-existence of PDW long-range order and fluctuating uniform superconducting order. The subharmonic order is most pronounced around a half-integer l-vector, where the CDW diffraction peak is also strongest. This is consistent with the theoretical proposal that the cancellation of the Josephson coupling ("layer-decoupling"), is a signature of PDW order and that it is commensurately locked to the density wave stripes that are known to alternate orientation between adjacent layers. Even if the PDW is not the "mother of all state", it is at least a close relative – possibly a second cousin.

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confidence: 99%

Pair-density wave signature observed by x-ray scattering in La-based high-Tc cuprates

Lee,

Kivelson,

Wang

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Mechanism for fluctuating pair density wave

2023

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In weakly coupled BCS superconductors, only electrons within a tiny energy window around the Fermi energy, EF, form Cooper pairs. This may not be the case in strong coupling superconductors such as cuprates, FeSe, SrTiO3 or cold atom condensates where the pairing scale, EB, becomes comparable or even larger than EF. In cuprates, for example, a plausible candidate for the pseudogap state at low doping is a fluctuating pair density wave, but no microscopic model has yet been found which supports such a state. In this work, we write an analytically solvable model to examine pairing phases in the strongly coupled regime and in the presence of anisotropic interactions. Already for moderate coupling we find an unusual finite temperature phase, below an instability temperature Ti, where local pair correlations have non-zero center-of-mass momentum but lack long-range order. At low temperature, this fluctuating pair density wave can condense either to a uniform d-wave superconductor or the widely postulated pair-density wave phase depending on the interaction strength. Our minimal model offers a unified framework to understand the emergence of both fluctuating and long range pair density waves in realistic systems.

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Effects of annealing on the fluctuation conductivity and pseudogap in slightly doped HoBa2Cu3O7–δ single crystals

Solovjov

Omelchenko

Petrenko

et al. 2023

Low Temperature Physics

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The effect of annealing at room temperature on the fluctuation conductivity (FLC) σ′( T) and pseudogap (PG) Δ*(7) in the basal ab plane of ReBa2Cu3O7–δ (Re = Ho) single crystals with a lack of oxygen has been studied. It is shown that at all stages of annealing, the FLC near Tc can be described by the Aslamazov-Larkin and Maki-Thompson fluctuation theories, demonstrating a 3D-2D crossover with increasing temperature. The crossover temperature T0 was used to determine the coherence length along the c axis, ξ c(0) = (2.82 ± 0.2) Å. At the intermediate stage of annealing, an anomalous increase in 2D FLC was revealed, which is associated with the influence of uncompensated magnetic moments in HoBa2Cu3O7–5 (HoBCO): μeff, Ho = 9.7μ Β. For the quenched sample S1, the temperature dependence of the PG has a shape typical of single crystals with a large number of defects. However, Δ*( T) has two small additional maxima at high temperature, which is a feature of HoBCO single crystals with pronounced twins and indicates the two-phase nature of the sample. Upon annealing, the shape of Δ*( T) noticeably changes, very likely due to an increase in the magnetic interaction (sample S2). More important is the change in the slope of the data at high temperatures, which has become about 3.5 times steeper. The ordering of the oxygen distribution due to the diffusion process during annealing somewhat compensates for the influence of magnetic interaction. But the slope does not change (sample S3). Interestingly, the slope turns out to be the same as for FeAs-based superconductors, suggesting the possibility of the existence of spin density waves in HoBCO in the PG state. The comparison of the pseudogap parameter [Formula: see text] near Tc with the Peters-Bauer theory revealed a slight increase in the density of local pairs < n↑ n↓>, which should explain the observed increase in Tc by 9 K during annealing.

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Scattering interference signature of a pair density wave state in the cuprate pseudogap phase

Cited by 12 publications

References 56 publications

Pair-density wave signature observed by x-ray scattering in La-based high-Tc cuprates

Pair-density wave signature observed by x-ray scattering in La-based high-Tc cuprates

Mechanism for fluctuating pair density wave

Effects of annealing on the fluctuation conductivity and pseudogap in slightly doped HoBa2Cu3O7–δ single crystals

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