Scavenging energy from ultra-low frequency mechanical excitations through a bi-directional hybrid energy harvester

Fan, Kangqi; Liu, Shaohua; Liu, Haiyan; Zhu, Yang; Wang, Weidong; Zhang, Daxing

doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.02.086

Cited by 171 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…Each transduction mechanism has its unique characteristics to generate electrical power from mechanical excitations. Therefore, hybridizing multiple conversion mechanisms into a single harvester to maximize the power generation from single mechanical motion has been studied widely to harvest biomechanical energy . These hybrid generators could be carried by human body (such as placed in backpack, pocket, or hand held) as a portable power sources for our daily life.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These hybrid generators would be ideal for travelers in remote locations, rescue workers in disaster, and field engineers. There have been several works on hybridized generators, but the power generation of these harvesters is not enough to effectively power most of the modern smart and wearable electronics from vibrations induced by the movement of the human body . Therefore, advanced energy conversion materials with well‐designed mechanical systems are required to improve the output efficiency of portable energy harvesters to sustainably power portable/wearable devices in extreme situations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biomechanical Energy‐Driven Hybridized Generator as a Universal Portable Power Source for Smart/Wearable Electronics

Rahman

Rana

Salauddin

et al. 2020

Advanced Energy Materials

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The fast growth of smart electronics requires novel solutions to power them sustainably. Portable power sources capable of harvesting biomechanical energy are a promising modern approach to reduce battery dependency. Herein, a novel elastic impact‐based nonresonant hybridized generator (EINR‐HG) is reported to effectively harvest biomechanical energy from diverse human activities outdoors. Through the rational integration of a nonlinear electromagnetic generator with two contact‐mode triboelectric nanogenerators, the proposed EINR‐HG generates hybrid electrical output simultaneously under the same mechanical excitations. By introducing a flux‐concentrator with a nanowire‐nanofiber surface modification, significant improvement in the energy harvesting efficiency of the EINR‐HG is achieved. After optimizing using simulations and vibration tests, the as‐fabricated EINR‐HG delivers an outstanding normalized power density of 3.13 mW cm−3 g−2 across a matching resistance of 1.5 kΩ at 6 Hz under 1 g acceleration. Under human motion testing, the EINR‐HG generates an optimal output power of 131.4 mW with horizontal handshaking. With a customized power management circuit, the EINR‐HG serves as a universal power source that successfully drives commercial smart electronics, including smart bands and smartphones. This work shows the massive potential of biomechanical energy‐driven hybridized generators for powering personal electronics and portable healthcare monitoring devices.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomechanical Energy‐Driven Hybridized Generator as a Universal Portable Power Source for Smart/Wearable Electronics

Rahman

Rana

Salauddin

et al. 2020

Advanced Energy Materials

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“…The Marine Renewable Energy Laboratory (MRELab) further developed the VIVACE to harvest the hydrokinetic power using the electromagnetic transduction. In recent years, energy harvesting technologies such as electromagnetic, 16 dielectric, 17,18 and triboelectric [19][20][21] have been reported by researchers, besides which piezoelectric energy harvesting has been studied widely because of its high voltage output, high power density, and ease of miniaturization. [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30] Dai et al 31 presented a theoretical model for a linear VIV-based piezoelectric energy harvester (VIVPEH), where the wake oscillator model was employed to formulate the vortexinduced aerodynamic force acting on the cylinder.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Equivalent circuit representation of a vortex‐induced vibration‐based energy harvester using a semi‐empirical lumped parameter approach

et al. 2020

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Summary Small‐scale wind energy harvesting from vortex‐induced vibrations (VIV) has been introduced in recent years as a renewable power source for microelectronics and wireless sensors. Previous studies have focused on modeling and optimizing the VIV‐based piezoelectric energy harvester (VIVPEH) structures and simplified the complicated interface circuits as pure resistors with an alternating current (AC) output. In practice, an AC output is required to be transformed into a direct current (DC) followed by further regulations before being used for real applications. Incorporating the rectification and regulation, traditional theoretical and numerical models will become extremely cumbersome and even impossible. To address this issue, this work proposes an equivalent circuit model (ECM) for a typical VIVPEH. The Scanlan‐Ehsan aerodynamic force model is employed to describe the fluid‐structure interaction. Wind tunnel experiments are carried out to validate the derived model. The performances of the VIVPEH with AC and DC interface circuits are subsequently analyzed and compared to understand the influences of these circuits on the operational wind speed bandwidth, power output, vibration amplitude, and electrical damping.

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“…Previous studies 42,43 have shown that the magnetic force between two cylindrical magnets could be well described by the cuboidal magnet model, in which the cylindrical magnet is replaced by an equivalent cuboidal magnet that has the identical length and volume as the corresponding cylindrical magnet. The excitation amplitude is 0.3 g for the 2-DOF harvesters with configurations A and B and 0.5 g for configurations C and D. It should be noted that the cylindrical magnet used in the experiments is described by an equivalent cuboidal magnet in the magnet model given by Equations 7 and 8.…”

Section: Model Verificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although there are several magnet models in the literature for describing the interaction between two cylindrical magnets, they give different results. Previous studies 42,43 have shown that the magnetic force between two cylindrical magnets could be well described by the cuboidal magnet model, in which the cylindrical magnet is replaced by an equivalent cuboidal magnet that has the identical length and volume as the corresponding cylindrical magnet. Frequency responses of the open-circuit voltage the four 2-DOF EMEHs are plotted in Figure 6.…”

Section: Model Verificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybridizing linear and nonlinear couplings for constructing two‐degree‐of‐freedom electromagnetic energy harvesters

et al. 2019

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Summary The efficient exploitation of ubiquitous low‐frequency mechanical excitations through electromagnetic induction is important for implementing self‐sustained low‐power electronics. Conventional electromagnetic energy harvesters (EMEHs) have been usually designed as a 1‐degree‐of‐freedom (1‐DOF) linear system with a high resonant frequency, resulting in poor performance under low‐frequency excitations. To solve this key issue, this paper presents four 2‐DOF cylindrical EMEHs with various configurations. Theoretical models for the four EMEHs are built and then validated by experiment. With the theoretical models, a parametric study is carried out to reveal the energy harvesting performance of the four 2‐DOF EMEHs. The results indicate that supporting a 1‐DOF EMEH within a large tube using springs or magnetic coupling to construct a 2‐DOF EMEH can lower the operating frequency, endowing the 2‐DOF EMEH with improved performance under low‐frequency excitations. Moreover, the 2‐DOF EMEH can always provide higher power outputs than the corresponding 1‐DOF EMEH except the linear 2‐DOF EMEH configuration with overly stiff inner springs. Furthermore, for the nonlinear 2‐DOF EMEH, the output power can be optimized by adjusting the spring stiffness and the length of the inner tube. In addition, increasing the mass of the inner center magnet can enhance the power output and in the meanwhile make the operational frequency shift toward the left (lower frequency).

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Scavenging energy from ultra-low frequency mechanical excitations through a bi-directional hybrid energy harvester

Cited by 171 publications

References 62 publications

Biomechanical Energy‐Driven Hybridized Generator as a Universal Portable Power Source for Smart/Wearable Electronics

Biomechanical Energy‐Driven Hybridized Generator as a Universal Portable Power Source for Smart/Wearable Electronics

Equivalent circuit representation of a vortex‐induced vibration‐based energy harvester using a semi‐empirical lumped parameter approach

Hybridizing linear and nonlinear couplings for constructing two‐degree‐of‐freedom electromagnetic energy harvesters

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