Scavenging of <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" altimg="si8.gif" display="inline" overflow="scroll"><mml:mrow><mml:msubsup><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>e</mml:mtext></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>s</mml:mtext></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi>−</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msubsup></mml:mrow></mml:math> and OH  radicals in concentrated HCl and NaCl aqueous solutions

Atinault, E.; Waele, Vincent De; Schmidhammer, Uli; Fattahi, Massoud; Mostafavi, Mehran

doi:10.1016/j.cplett.2008.06.048

Cited by 82 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…The reduction mechanisms in HAuCl 4 are complicated but the overall chemical pathway for radiolytic reduction of gold ions is known. , Au(III) is reduced to Au(0) by e h – , the strongest and fastest reducing agent among the radiolytic byproducts. However, the production of Au(0) varies nonlinearly with time, even at constant dose rate, because there is an induction time for Au(0) formation: irradiation of HAuCl 4 solution up to say half the dose required for total reduction of Au(III) into Au(0) does not result in detectable Au crystals.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…We also assume complete dissociation of HAuCl 4 to determine the initial H + ion concentration (20 mM HAuCl 4 has pH ≈ 2.0). We include Cl – ions by adding the dominant reactions associated with Cl – to the simulation, as detailed in the Supporting Information. This model includes unavoidable approximations.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…If only a portion of the liquid is irradiated, the time to reach steady state is longer. In the first few milliseconds, the system gets only within an order of magnitude of the steady state values; the steady state is not reached until a time on the order of the diffusion time for radiolysis products given the cell geometry. In our cell geometry, this diffusion time is a few seconds, so we assume that the solution chemistry to be constant for the few to 100 s time range of the experiments.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Control of Electron Beam-Induced Au Nanocrystal Growth Kinetics through Solution Chemistry

et al. 2015

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Measurements of solution-phase crystal growth provide mechanistic information that is helpful in designing and synthesizing nanostructures. Here, we examine the model system of individual Au nanocrystal formation within a defined liquid geometry during electron beam irradiation of gold chloride solution, where radiolytically formed hydrated electrons reduce Au ions to solid Au. By selecting conditions that favor the growth of well-faceted Au nanoprisms, we measure growth rates of individual crystals. The volume of each crystal increases linearly with irradiation time at a rate unaffected by its shape or proximity to neighboring crystals, implying a growth process that is controlled by the arrival of atoms from solution. Furthermore, growth requires a threshold dose rate, suggesting competition between reduction and oxidation processes in the solution. Above this threshold, the growth rate follows a power law with dose rate. To explain the observed dose rate dependence, we demonstrate that a reaction-diffusion model is required that explicitly accounts for the species H(+) and Cl(-). The model highlights the necessity of considering all species present when interpreting kinetic data obtained from beam-induced processes, and suggest conditions under which growth rates can be controlled with higher precision.

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Control of Electron Beam-Induced Au Nanocrystal Growth Kinetics through Solution Chemistry

et al. 2015

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“…Chlorine radicals (Cl˙) were reported to be the derivatively reactive species generated in AOPs. 207 The typical redox potential of Cl˙ was 2.4 V, and Cl˙ possessed much higher selectivity than ˙OH. As a result, Cl˙ was even more reactive with benzoic acid, a well-known chemical probe for ˙OH.…”

Section: Activation Mechanisms Of Metal-free Catalyzed Aopsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent advances in metal-free catalysts for the remediation of antibiotics, antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARB), and antibiotic resistant genes (ARGs)

Wang

Ding

et al. 2022

J. Mater. Chem. A

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“…In fact, corrosion of many alloys is highly pH dependent; for instance, passive layers are undermined in acidic solutions where aggressive species like chloride may readily cause breakdown of the protective surface layers 37,38,[85][86][87] . In addition, formation of species like Cl˙, Cl 2˙-and HClO˙- 88 . The electron beam effect is even more pronounced for corrosion inhibitorcontaining solutions as some inhibitor molecules respond differently to pH variations where they can form local deposits over local anodes and cathodes…”

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Application of In Situ Liquid Cell Transmission Electron Microscopy in Corrosion Studies: A Critical Review of Challenges and Achievements

et al. 2019

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Identifying corrosion initiation events in metals and alloys demands techniques that can provide temporal and spatial resolution simultaneously. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) enables one to obtain microstructural and chemical descriptors of materials at atomic/nanoscopic level and has been used in corrosion studies of many metal-electrolyte combinations. Conventionally, ex situ and quasi in situ TEM studies of pre- and post-corroded samples were performed, but possible experimental artifacts such as dehydrated surfaces might not fully represent the real interfacial conditions as compared to those when actually immersed in the electrolyte. Recent advances in liquid cell transmission electron microscopy (LC-TEM) allows for in situ monitoring morphological and even compositional evolutions in materials resulting from interaction with gas or liquid environments. Corrosion science, as a challenging field of research, can benefit from this unparalleled opportunity to investigate many complicated corroding systems in aqueous environments at high resolution. However, “real life” corrosion with LC-TEM is still not straightforward in implementation and there are limitations and challenging experimental considerations for conducting reliable examinations. Thus, this study has been devoted to discussing the challenges of in situ LC-TEM wherein state-of-the-art achievements in the field of relevance are reviewed.

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Scavenging of es− and OH radicals in concentrated HCl and NaCl aqueous solutions

Cited by 82 publications

References 43 publications

Control of Electron Beam-Induced Au Nanocrystal Growth Kinetics through Solution Chemistry

Control of Electron Beam-Induced Au Nanocrystal Growth Kinetics through Solution Chemistry

Recent advances in metal-free catalysts for the remediation of antibiotics, antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARB), and antibiotic resistant genes (ARGs)

Application of In Situ Liquid Cell Transmission Electron Microscopy in Corrosion Studies: A Critical Review of Challenges and Achievements

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