Scelionid Wasps as Biological Control Agents: A Review

Orr, David B.

doi:10.2307/3495011

Cited by 110 publications

(93 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…a relationship between vegetational diversity in southeastern pine plantations and natural enemy activity has not been demonstrated (McCravy 1998). Egg parasitoid longevity and parasitism of target pests can be substantially increased by the presence of nectar-bearing plants and (or) honeydew in some agroecosystems (Orr 1988). In our study we found that ground cover and its effect on microclimate significantly influenced emergence of released parasitoids.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 51%

EVALUATION OF INUNDATIVE RELEASES OF TRICHOGRAMMA EXIGUUM (HYMENOPTERA: TRICHOGRAMMATIDAE) FOR SUPPRESSION OF NANTUCKET PINE TIP MOTH (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE) IN PINE (PINACEAE) PLANTATIONS

et al. 2000

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The Canudian Enromologisr 132: 373 -386 (2000) Inundative releases of Trichogramma exiguum Pinto and Platner were evaluated for suppression of the Nantucket pine tip moth, Rhyacionia frustrana (Cornstock), in first-year loblolly pine, Pinus taedu L., plantations. Three releases. spaced 7 d apart. were made in three 0.4-ha plots during second-generation R. frusrruna egg deposition. Each release included three cohorts of 7: exiguum developmentally separated by 25 degree-days. Mean -t SD field release rate for each cohort was 328 238 it 88 379 females/ha. Mean 7: exiguum emergence under laboratory conditions for released cohorts was 96 f 2%, with 74 f 3% females, of which 1 + 1% of females displayed brachyptery; female longevity was 18 + 3 d. Field emergence averaged 96 -c 4%. Parasitism of R. frusrrana eggs was significantly increased, ranging from 40 f 19 to 73 it 22% in 1: exiguum-treated plots and 17 f 17 to 67 + 21% in control plots. Data from all treated plots combined showed R. frustrunu egg survival (hatching) was significantly reduced by 46%, and larval populations were significantly reduced by 60%. There was no significant difference in the percentage of terminals damaged between ?: exiguum-treated (31 f 16%) and control plots (45 + 10%); however, length of terminal damage was significantly lower in treated plots. The percentage of damage to top whorl shoots was significantly lower in ?: exiguumtreated plots compared with control plots, but there was no significant difference in length of tunneling damage. Damage to remaining shoots was not significantly different between i? exiguum-treated and control plots. Microhabitat significantly influenced both mean maximum and minimum temperature and the number of consecutive hours per day that were at or above 35°C (critical temperature for 7: r.riguum survival). Soil surface with no cover had the greatest number of hours at or above 35°C. followed by soil surface with herbaceous cover, and canopies of small trees (0.4 m tall). Canopy habitats in larger trees (0.9-I .8 m tall) had the most moderate temperature conditions. Parasitoid emergence was significantly reduced in response to increasing number of consecutive hours at or above 35°C. Predation of parasitoids prior to emergence was significantly affected by microhabitat and by the length of time capsules were in the field before 7: exiguum emergence (i.e.. cohort number).

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 51%

EVALUATION OF INUNDATIVE RELEASES OF TRICHOGRAMMA EXIGUUM (HYMENOPTERA: TRICHOGRAMMATIDAE) FOR SUPPRESSION OF NANTUCKET PINE TIP MOTH (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE) IN PINE (PINACEAE) PLANTATIONS

et al. 2000

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“…Parasitóides de ovos são reconhecidos como os principais agentes de mortalidade de percevejos da família Pentatomidae em inúmeras regiões (Hokyo et al 1966, Buschman & Whitcomb 1980, sendo aqueles pertencentes a Scelionidae os mais comumente encontrados atacando ovos de espécies de percevejos pertencentes a Pentatomidae (Orr 1988). Exemplo típico seria o dos percevejos da soja, os quais são atacados por mais de 23 espécies de microhimenópteros, com destaque para Trissolcus basalis (Woll.)…”

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Primeiro relato de ocorrência de Telenomus podisi (Ashmead) e Trissolcus urichi (Crawford) (Hymenoptera : Scelionidae) como Parasitóides de ovos do Percevejo-do-Colmo-do-Arroz, Tibraca limbativentris (Stål) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), em Santa Catarina

Riffel¹,

Prando²,

Boff³

2010

Neotrop. entomol.

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“…The study of parasitoid oviposition behaviour is of fundamental importance to an understanding of the processes involved in host selection and acceptance and to the development of biological control programmes ORR, 1988;HIGUCHI & SUZUKI, 1996;VINSON, 1998). In this context, a series of researches have been developed worldwide, both with egg parasitoids of solitary or semi-gregarious habits (STRAND & VINSON, 1983;NAVASERO & OATMAN, 1989;COLAZZA et al, 1996;CONTI et al, 1997;ROSI et al, 2001;SOLIS et al, 2001;HIROSE et al, 2003;WIEDEMANN et al, 2003;DASILAO & ARAKAWA, 2004) and with those of gregarious habits SCHIMIDT & SMITH, 1987;HINTZ & ANDOW, 1990;RUBERSON & KRING, 1993).…”

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confidence: 99%

Oviposition behaviour of Gryon gallardoi (Hymenoptera, Scelionidae) on eggs of different ages of Spartocera dentiventris (Hemiptera, Coreidae)

Rocha

Mendonça

2006

Iheringia, Sér. Zool.

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ABSTRACT. The oviposition behaviour of Gryon gallardoi (Brèthes, 1914) on eggs of Spartocera dentiventris (Berg, 1884) of different ages (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 12 days) was investigated. Groups of 12 eggs of each age were exposed to single females of G. gallardoi, and the oviposition behaviour was recorded under a stereomicroscope for two hours. Ten replicates were used for each age. In order to identify the moment the parasitoid egg was released inside the host, 1-day old eggs of S. dentiventris were exposed to G. gallardoi females, and the oviposition was interrupted at intervals of 20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 120, 140 and 160s after ovipositor insertion had initiated. Five behavioural steps were recorded: drumming, ovipositor insertion, marking, walking and resting. The average drumming and ovipositor insertion times increased with the host age (P<0.01). Ovipositor insertion usually occurred next to the longitudinal extremities of the host eggs. Marking took on average 19.5 ± 0.7s, and as walking and resting, was not affected by host age. Self-parasitism behaviour was observed in only 13.8 ± 2.3% of the eggs, being more evident with increasing patch depletion (reduction in non-parasitized eggs in the egg group, P<0.01), again with no variation due to changes in host egg age. For all ages tested, self-parasitized host eggs were less frequently contacted and accepted than non-parasitized ones (P<0.01). The parasitoid egg was released 137.0 ± 3.7s after ovipositor insertion. Spartocera dentiventris egg condition can lead to parasitoid behavioural changes, especially during the process of host choice and discrimination.KEYWORDS. Scelionidae, parasitoid, behaviour, host selection. P<0,01). A inserção do ovipositor ocorreu, na maioria das vezes, nas extremidades longitudinais dos ovos. A marcação durou, em média, 19,5 ± 0,7s, e assim como a caminhada e o descanso, não foi influenciada pela idade do hospedeiro. O comportamento de auto-parasitismo não foi influenciado pela idade do hospedeiro e foi observado somente em 13,8 ± 2,3% dos ovos, sendo mais evidente à medida que o número de ovos não-parasitados no grupo diminuía (P<0,01). Em todas as idades testadas, ovos autoparasitados foram menos contatados e menos aceitos pelo parasitóide (P<0,01). O ovo do parasitóide foi liberado após 140 e 160s após a inserção do ovipositor. Os resultados sugerem que a condição dos ovos de S dentiventris pode acarretar em mudanças comportamentais no parasitóide, especialmente durante o processo de escolha e discriminação dos mesmos. PALAVRAS-CHAVE.Scelionidae, parasitóide, comportamento, seleção de hospedeiros.

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Scelionid Wasps as Biological Control Agents: A Review

Cited by 110 publications

References 77 publications

EVALUATION OF INUNDATIVE RELEASES OF TRICHOGRAMMA EXIGUUM (HYMENOPTERA: TRICHOGRAMMATIDAE) FOR SUPPRESSION OF NANTUCKET PINE TIP MOTH (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE) IN PINE (PINACEAE) PLANTATIONS

EVALUATION OF INUNDATIVE RELEASES OF TRICHOGRAMMA EXIGUUM (HYMENOPTERA: TRICHOGRAMMATIDAE) FOR SUPPRESSION OF NANTUCKET PINE TIP MOTH (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE) IN PINE (PINACEAE) PLANTATIONS

Primeiro relato de ocorrência de Telenomus podisi (Ashmead) e Trissolcus urichi (Crawford) (Hymenoptera : Scelionidae) como Parasitóides de ovos do Percevejo-do-Colmo-do-Arroz, Tibraca limbativentris (Stål) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), em Santa Catarina

Oviposition behaviour of Gryon gallardoi (Hymenoptera, Scelionidae) on eggs of different ages of Spartocera dentiventris (Hemiptera, Coreidae)

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