“…Most of such studies deal with problems in which ready times of jobs are not considered, that is, ready times of the jobs are 0. Among these, Arthanary and Ramaswamy (1971), Mittal and Nagga (1973), Narasimhan and Panwalkar (1984), Gupta (1988), Sriskandarajah and Sethi (1989), Gupta andTunc (1991, 1994), Rajendran and Chaudhuri (1992), Lee and Vairaktarakis (1994), Chen (1995), Hoogeveen et al (1996), Guinet and Solomon (1996), Gupta et al (1997), Oguz et al (1997), Lee and Park (1999), Soewandi and Elmaghraby (2003), Cheng et al (2004), , and Zhang et al (2005) focus on the hybrid flowshop problems with two stages, while Paul (1979), Kochhar and Morris (1987), Wittrock (1988), Brah and Hunsucker (1991), Riane et al (1998), Serifoglu and Ulusoy (2004), Choi et al (2005), Jin et al (2006), Lee (2006), Ruiz and Maroto (2006), Tang et al (2006), Ying and Lin (2006), Janiak et al (2007), Quadt and Kuhn (2007), Vosz and Witt (2007), and Xuan and Tang (2007) focus on those with more than two stages. On the other hand, suggest a bottleneck-focused scheduling algorithm for a multi-stage hybrid flowshop scheduling problem, in which scheduling at the bottleneck workstation is done using estimated job ready times.…”