Scheduling design and analysis for end-to-end heterogeneous flows in an avionics network

Hua, Yu; Li, Xue

doi:10.1109/infcom.2011.5935062

Cited by 18 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…This is achieved by using data concentrators that receive data from nearby sensors or other equipment on a many to one principle and then forward an assembled complex message to the final destination (cockpit) on a single cable. Different message have different periodicity or may even be aperiodic which requires the use of the concept of scheduler that is subject to intense research such as in [11] [22] [23]. It is the scheduler that computes sequence numbers.…”

Section: Fig 6 Concrete Layer Architecture For Periodic Messagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges of Testing Periodic Messages in Avionics Systems Using TTCN-3

Stepien

Peyton

2013

Testing Software and Systems

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Abstract. The TTCN-3 language was conceived initially for testing telecommunications protocols that consist of sequences of discrete messages between communicating entities. TTCN-3 has a clear model of separation of concerns between an abstract layer, where test behavior is specified, and a concrete layer, where messages are encoded / decoded and sent and received to/from the system under test. This model, however, is cumbersome for testing protocols with periodic messages as used in avionics systems. This paper presents an innovative approach to addressing issues involving periodic messages in TTCN-3, based on our experiences working with avionics systems. Extensions to the TTCN-3 standard are proposed, based on our approach. We also demonstrate how the approach can be used for test system certification and requirements verification for avionics systems.

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Section: Fig 6 Concrete Layer Architecture For Periodic Messagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges of Testing Periodic Messages in Avionics Systems Using TTCN-3

Stepien

Peyton

2013

Testing Software and Systems

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“…Such switch architecture let multiple flows share queues, which is fundamentally different from the per-flow queueing switch architecture that this paper is about. Hua et al [22] also analyzed the real-time behavior of AFDX networks upon switches that runs deficit round robin scheduling. Such queueing mechanism is workconserving [23], which is also fundamentally different from our TDMA scheduling, which is non-work-conserving.…”

Section: Main Body Of Approximation Algorithmmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…From Formula (22) to (23) is because u max corresponds to the total utility of a feasible configuration with a single active flow (see Formula (17)), while U * is the optimum, so u max ≤ U * . As for time complexity, the approximation algorithm …”

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confidence: 99%

Analysis of TDMA crossbar real-time switch design for AFDX networks

Rao

Wang

Li³

et al. 2012

2012 Proceedings IEEE INFOCOM

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Abstract-The rapid scaling up of modern avionics is forcing its communication infrastructure to evolve from shared medium toward multi-hop switched real-time networks. This prompts the proposal of avionics full-duplex switched Ethernet (AFDX) standard. Since its publication, AFDX has been well-received, and is deployed or to-be-deployed in state-of-the-art aircrafts, such as Airbus A380/A400M/A350, Boeing 787, Bombardier CSeries etc. On the other hand, AFDX standard only specifies the behavior that an underlying switch must follow, but leaves the architecture design open. This creates an open market for switch vendors. Among the different candidate designs for this market, the TDMA crossbar real-time switch architecture stands out as it complies with and even simplifies many mainstream switch architectures, hence lays a smooth evolution path toward AFDX. In this paper, we focus on analyzing this switch design for AFDX networks. We first prove that TDMA crossbar realtime switch architecture complies with the AFDX specifications; and derive closed-form formulae on the corresponding AFDX networks' traffic characteristics and end-to-end real-time delay bound. Then we prove the resource planning problem in the corresponding AFDX networks is NP-Hard. To address this NPHard challenge, we re-model the problem. Based upon the remodeling, we propose an approximation algorithm.

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“…Compared with delays experienced at end systems and switches, the propagation latency over a physical link is very small and can be ignored. 10,11 Further, when the initial time jitter imposed by the MUX at source end system is introduced as shown in 'New arrival curves for data flows' section, the transmit latency at source end system is not required to be considered at the first step. Therefore, to compute the end-to-end transmission delay, first, one needs to know the service curves provided by every interconnected switch that the virtual link passes through, and then convolute all the service curves to get the whole one over the path, employing the pay burst only once principle.…”

Section: Sp Muxmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, it is necessary to consider other advanced scheduling disciplines, such as static priority (SP) queueing and weighted fair queueing. 11 As far as we are concerned, the SP scheduling algorithm with two levels has been present in the new version of the ARINC664 standard. Hence, it is important to investigate the effects of the priority scheduling discipline on the system performance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deterministic end-to-end delay analysis in an avionics network

Zhou

et al. 2012

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part G:

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Avionics Full DupleX Switched Ethernet is a deterministic communication protocol for distributed embedded real-time applications over asynchronous channels. It is a promising technique that can replace the existing avionics data buses, such as ARINC429 and MIL-STD-1553B. One of the key challenges for deploying and maintaining Avionics Full DupleX Switched Ethernet is to determine the end-to-end transmission delay in such a network. This article aims at handling this challenge effectively applying a completely theoretical analysis. An analytical method based on the network calculus theory is presented in detail to calculate the end-to-end transmission delay in an Avionics Full DupleX Switched Ethernet network, which consists of many interconnect nodes with different scheduling disciplines. Further, this approach is improved by taking into account the effects of source node initial jitter and first in, first out optimization. Additionally, a Matlab/TrueTime simulation platform is constructed to verify the effectiveness of the method. Simulation results show that switches with advanced scheduling algorithms, i.e. static priority scheduling, can significantly improve the delay performance in a multi-hop network.

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Scheduling design and analysis for end-to-end heterogeneous flows in an avionics network

Abstract: Abstract-Avionics

Cited by 18 publications

References 23 publications

Challenges of Testing Periodic Messages in Avionics Systems Using TTCN-3

Challenges of Testing Periodic Messages in Avionics Systems Using TTCN-3

Analysis of TDMA crossbar real-time switch design for AFDX networks

Deterministic end-to-end delay analysis in an avionics network

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