Scheimpflug Photography in Clinical Ohthalmology

Müller-Breitenkamp, U; Hockwin, O.

doi:10.1159/000267208

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Implementing Scheimpflug and retroillumination digital photography with computerised analysis of lens opacities has allowed progression of cataract to be measured with great precision. [71][72][73][74][75][76][77][78][79][80][81][82][83][84][85][86][87][88] This method, cost effective for the large epidemiological studies, 89 is probably the best technique for recording cataract changes.…”

Section: Quantification Of Lens Opacity Measurements In Risk Factor Amentioning

confidence: 99%

External factors in the development of cataract

Robman

Taylor

2005

Eye

175

114

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Aims To provide an update on the risk factors for cataract development. Methods Review of the literature. Results Age and heredity are the most important risk factors associated with the different types of cataract. While the hereditary component is self-explanatory, increasing age serves as a surrogate for a number of potential external risk factors, the effect of which is cumulative. Identification of the risk factors that have a causal effect on cataract development may provide means for cataract prevention. There are only a few risk factors that satisfy the criteria for causal effect: smoking, which results in the increased risk of nuclear cataract, excessive UV-B exposure and diabetes that increase the risk of cortical cataract, and steroidal treatment, diabetes and ionising radiation that lead to the formation of posterior subcapsular opacity. The effect of medications on cataract development requires further study, since the effect of the diseases should be distinguished from that of treatment. 'Stop Smoking' and 'UV-B protection' campaigns are gaining momentum as preventative measures, while the attempts to actively prevent cataract with antioxidants have not been successful. Cataract research has been facilitated lately by improvements of precision and standardisation in measuring lens opacities. However, measurement precision on its own cannot give us a solution to this problem. Conclusion The major studies repeatedly measure the exposure to the traditional health hazards, while the missing parts in the equation are those risk factors that we do not know about and therefore do not measure. New approaches and new hypotheses are needed.

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Section: Quantification Of Lens Opacity Measurements In Risk Factor Amentioning

confidence: 99%

External factors in the development of cataract

Robman

Taylor

2005

Eye

175

114

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“…Cataract has also been quantified by measuring back light scatter (Ben‐Sira et al. , 1980) and Scheimpflug photography (Muller‐Breitenkamp and Hockwin, 1992); these methods correlate highly with psychophysical measures of lens OD (Sample et al. , 1991; Bosem et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using scotopic and photopic flicker to measure lens optical density

Wooten

Hammond

Renzi

2007

Ophthalmic Physiologic Optic

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Many applications require knowledge of lens absorption. Measuring lens optical density (OD), however, is often difficult and time-consuming. For example, psychophysical measurement typically requires a long period of dark adaptation (e.g. about 40 min) and assessment of absolute scotopic thresholds. In this study, we examined efficient scotopic and photopic methods for measuring lens OD. In Experiment 1, 30 subjects were tested using a Maxwellian-view optical system. Relative scotopic thresholds were obtained after 15 min of dark adaptation using slow-rate (2 Hz) flicker photometry. A 3 degrees test stimulus, presented at 10 degrees nasal, was used that alternated between measuring wavelengths (420 and 460 nm) and a reference field (540 nm). The results showed that the relative scotopic method produces values that are consistent with published lens spectral curves. In Experiment 2, relative photopic measures (i.e. no dark adaptation period) were also obtained at 406 nm in natural view and compared with lens data obtained in Maxwellian view at 407 nm using the absolute scotopic method. The photopic method compared well with the absolute scotopic values obtained on the same subjects. Taken together, the two experiments showed that a relative method can yield valid lens density estimates. Using a relative rather than an absolute method reduces the time needed for dark adaptation and is an easier task for subjects to perform and may therefore be preferable when expeditious measures are desirable.

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“…The lens imaging systems have used different scales, and this makes it difficult to standardise or compare the results of different studies. Acceptable and reliable methods of cataract assessment for use in longitudinal studies across a range of population samples are yet to be established [8,[30][31][32].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Clinical and Digital Assessment of Nuclear Optical Density

et al. 1999

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To compare the standardised Nidek EAS-1000 densitometric analysis of the lens with clinical assessment of the nucleus at an early stage of cataract development, 1,200 eyes of 1,204 participants of the VECAT study were assessed at the baseline using both subjective and objective lens grading. Standardisation of the automatic slit image analysis was achieved using a custom-designed EAS-1000 Software version 3.01c. Among 6 measurements of nuclear optical density, the mean pixel luminescence of integrated anterior nuclear density correlated best with clinical assessment (R = 0.662, p < 0.001). Variance components that interfere with the assessment are defined.

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Scheimpflug Photography in Clinical Ohthalmology

Cited by 14 publications

References 16 publications

External factors in the development of cataract

External factors in the development of cataract

Using scotopic and photopic flicker to measure lens optical density

Comparison of Clinical and Digital Assessment of Nuclear Optical Density

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