Schema therapy for borderline personality disorder: A comprehensive review of its empirical foundations, effectiveness and implementation possibilities

Sempértegui, Gabriela A.; Karreman, Annemiek; Arntz, Arnoud; Bekker, Marrie H. J.

doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2012.11.006

Cited by 134 publications

(106 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…Based on the obtained results, early maladaptive schemas are less efficient in the students with social phobia. By identifying these schemas prior to social phobia and measuring the severity of these schemas, appropriate intervening strategies can be applied to reduce (15)(16)(17)(18)(19). In these studies, the maladaptive schemas have been investigated in different groups of patients and the differences have then been determined in comparing with normal people.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Early Maladaptive Schemas and Metacognitive Beliefs between the Students with Social Phobia and the ones with no Psychiatric Problems

Mohammadi

Beige

2017

Razavi Int J Med

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Background: Researchers believe that the early maladaptive schemas act as refiners to approve the childhood's experiences and will lead to some clinical symptoms like anxiety, depression, phobia, personality disorders, alcohol abuse, overeating or stomach ulcers. Objectives: The present study was carried out with the purpose of comparing early maladaptive schemas and metacognitive beliefs between the students with social phobia and the ones with no psychiatric problems in the universities of Tehran. Methods: The statistical population included all the patients referred to the therapeutic, psychiatric, psychological and consultative centers of Tehran in 2015. The causal-comparative methodology was employed and 60 students with social phobia and 60 students with no psychiatric problems were selected as the samples of the study using the convenience (targeted) sampling method. Young schema questionnaire, Conover metacognitive beliefs and social phobia were employed for data collection. The research data were analyzed using multivariable analysis of variance (MANOVA) test. Results:The obtained results showed that there was a significant difference between the students with social phobia and the ones with no psychiatric problems in terms of early maladaptive schemas and metacognitive beliefs (P < 0.01). Conclusions: It can be stated that the early maladaptive schemas have been less inefficient among the students with social phobia.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Early Maladaptive Schemas and Metacognitive Beliefs between the Students with Social Phobia and the ones with no Psychiatric Problems

Mohammadi

Beige

2017

Razavi Int J Med

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“…These parallels suggest similar psychological dynamics may be at play in both. The second reason is because recent reviews of empirical studies of schema therapy have indicated it is effective for helping patients reach their therapeutic goals [12][13][14][15]. While the specific variables and variable interactions to which this efficacy can be attributed have not been determined, the collective evidence and parallels it shares with the path of devotion suggest it is a useful heuristic model for the purposes of this analysis.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transforming Adverse Cognition on the Path of Bhakti: Rule-Based Devotion, “My-Ness,” and the Existential Condition of Bondage

Chilcott

2016

Religions

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Early Gaud .ī ya Vais . n . ava theologians developed a unique path of Hindu devotion during the 16th century through which an aspirant cultivates a rapturous form of selfless love (premā) for Kr . s . n . a, who is recognized as the supreme and personal deity. In the course and consequence of cultivating this selfless love, the recommended practices of devotion are claimed to free one from the basic existential condition of bondage that is of concern for a wide range of South Asian religious and philosophical traditions. One of the principle cognitive tendencies characterizing this condition is to have thoughts and feelings of possessiveness over objects of the world, or what is referred to as the state of "my-ness" (mamatā), e.g., my home, my children, or my wealth. Using the therapeutic model of schema therapy as a heuristic analogue, this article explores the relationship between recommended practices of rule-based devotion (vaidhi-bhakti) and the modulation of thoughts and feelings of possessiveness towards mundane objects. I argue that such practices function as learning strategies that can systematically rework and modulate how one relates to and responds to these objects in theologically desirable ways. I conclude by suggesting that connectionist theories of cognition and learning may offer a promising explanatory framework for understanding the dynamics of this kind of relationship.

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“…Previous research on schemas and modes in relation to BPD have revealed mixed results [see 13 for a critical review], which raises questions on the disorder specificity of schemas and modes. Farrell and Shaw [19] highlight that all 14 modes potentially may be involved in BPD.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Psychological therapy is considered the most appropriate treatment for BPD [11], and schema therapy is one of the major approaches that has demonstrated efficacy for the treatment of BPD [12, 13]. Nevertheless, psychotherapists usually do not treat these patients at the level of BPD diagnosis but at the level of BPD problems [14, 15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elucidating DSM-5 and ICD-11 Diagnostic Features of Borderline Personality Disorder Using Schemas and Modes

Bach

Lobbestael

2018

Psychopathology

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Background: Borderline personality disorder (BPD) comprises a heterogeneous constellation of problems operationalized in the DSM-5 and the forthcoming ICD-11. In schema therapy, schemas and modes are employed to conceptualize and treat these problems. Aim: The current study investigated whether the 9 diagnostic BPD features are associated with schemas and modes. Method: Psychiatric outpatients with predominant BPD features (n = 142; 68% females) were administered the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis II (SCID-II) and self-report inventories for schemas and modes. Associations were investigated by means of bivariate point-biserial correlations and multiple logistic regression analysis. Results: BPD features were largely associated with conceptually related schemas and modes. Consistent with the schema therapy literature and previous research, we found schemas of Abandonment/Instability and Mistrust/Abuse along with modes of Angry/Enraged Child, (internalized) Punitive Parent, and Impulsive Child to uniquely predict thematically related BPD features including fear of abandonment, self-destructiveness, feelings of emptiness, stress-related paranoid ideation, inappropriate anger, and impulsivity. Conclusion: Most of the 9 BPD features were related to conceptually meaningful schemas/modes, suggesting that BPD is composed of dormant themes along with salient affective-behavioral responses. Consequently, individual BPD features may be differentially conceptualized and targeted in therapy by means of schemas and modes.

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Schema therapy for borderline personality disorder: A comprehensive review of its empirical foundations, effectiveness and implementation possibilities

Cited by 134 publications

References 74 publications

Comparison of Early Maladaptive Schemas and Metacognitive Beliefs between the Students with Social Phobia and the ones with no Psychiatric Problems

Comparison of Early Maladaptive Schemas and Metacognitive Beliefs between the Students with Social Phobia and the ones with no Psychiatric Problems

Transforming Adverse Cognition on the Path of Bhakti: Rule-Based Devotion, “My-Ness,” and the Existential Condition of Bondage

Elucidating DSM-5 and ICD-11 Diagnostic Features of Borderline Personality Disorder Using Schemas and Modes

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