2011
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0001143
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Schistosoma haematobium Treatment in 1–5 Year Old Children: Safety and Efficacy of the Antihelminthic Drug Praziquantel

Abstract: BackgroundMorbidity due to schistosomiasis is currently controlled by treatment of schistosome infected people with the antihelminthic drug praziquantel (PZQ). Children aged up to 5 years are currently excluded from schistosome control programmes largely due to the lack of PZQ safety data in this age group. This study investigated the safety and efficacy of PZQ treatment in such children.MethodsZimbabwean children aged 1–5 years (n = 104) were treated with PZQ tablets and side effects were assessed by question… Show more

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Cited by 107 publications
(150 citation statements)
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“…6 For this purpose, infected PSAC should be provided with crushed tablets of praziquantel, a treatment that demonstrated to be safe for this age group. 6,15 The investigation led in Assoni before 2014, that is, before praziquantel treatment was authorized for this age group in Senegal (A. F. Gabrielli, personal communication) highlighted the fact that PSAC constituted a reservoir of schistosomiasis and were contaminated at an early age, before 2 years of age. The prevalence rate we found was comparable with that found by Sousa-Figueiredo, who described that 62.3% of PSAC were infected with S. mansoni.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…6 For this purpose, infected PSAC should be provided with crushed tablets of praziquantel, a treatment that demonstrated to be safe for this age group. 6,15 The investigation led in Assoni before 2014, that is, before praziquantel treatment was authorized for this age group in Senegal (A. F. Gabrielli, personal communication) highlighted the fact that PSAC constituted a reservoir of schistosomiasis and were contaminated at an early age, before 2 years of age. The prevalence rate we found was comparable with that found by Sousa-Figueiredo, who described that 62.3% of PSAC were infected with S. mansoni.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The data and methods used to draw up the criteria for the peaked age intensity curve, reduced infection level in adults, the peak shift, the antibody switch, and the age of the antibody switch have been previously described (16). Prevalence and aggregation of S. haematobium infection were calculated from data from six Zimbabwean communities (14,44,45) for the whole population and for two age groups (6-14-and 15-34-year-olds) and used to determine ranges for the relevant criteria. Infection aggregation was characterized by the standardized variance, calculated as σ 2 ∕x 2 .…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Cure rates and egg reduction rates .90% are routinely achieved in study populations in Zimbabwe. 16,17 At the individual level, the effects of PZQ include: (1) killing adult worms by reducing infection intensity in the host and the immediate health consequences of infection 18 ; (2) reversal of the pathologic processes associated with infection 19 ; (3) accelerating the development of schistosome-specific acquired immunity, 20,21 which is protective against re-infection 22,23 ; and (4) reducing pathology from subsequent re-infection. 24 At the population level, PZQ treatment reduces transmission of the parasites.…”
Section: Praziquantelmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Other researchers have also demonstrated that young children in several African countries (including Nigeria, Cote d'Ivoire, Kenya, Mali, Uganda, and Zimbabwe) are infected with schistosomes. 2,17,[30][31][32][33] In addition, in some areas, their infection levels are as high as those in their caregivers; these caregivers, however, were eligible for treatment, while the infected children remain untreated for several years (as reviewed by Stothard et al 28 ). Furthermore, the limited investigations describing and quantifying morbidity in this age group have shown that these infections in young children are clinically significant.…”
Section: Challenging the Barriers To Treatmentmentioning
confidence: 99%