Schistosoma mansoni: Assessment of effects of oleic acid, cercarial age and water temperature on parasite-host attraction

Lee, Vivien S.T.; Burgess, Jefferey L.; Sterling, Charles R.; Lutz, Eric

doi:10.1016/j.ijpara.2013.05.005

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Similarly, Lee et al . found that attachment is more dependent on cercarial age than environmental temperature (20–30°C) [ 14 ]. The effect of temperature on the functional longevity of cercariae remains to be studied.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effectiveness of water treatment processes against schistosome cercariae: A systematic review

2018

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BackgroundSchistosomiasis is one of the most disabling neglected tropical diseases, ranking second in terms of years lived with disability. While treatment with the drug praziquantel can have immediate beneficial effects, reinfection can occur rapidly if people are in contact with cercaria-infested water. Water treatment for schistosomiasis control seeks to eliminate viable cercariae from water, thereby providing safe alternative water supplies for recreational and domestic activities including laundry and bathing. This provision may reduce contact with infested water, which is crucial for reducing reinfection following chemotherapy and cutting schistosome transmission.MethodologyA qualitative systematic review was carried out to summarize the existing knowledge on the effectiveness of water treatment in removing or inactivating human schistosome cercariae. Four online databases were searched. Studies were screened and categorized into five water treatment processes: storage, heating, chlorination, filtration, and ultraviolet (UV) disinfection.ConclusionsAll five water treatment methods can remove or inactivate cercariae in water, and hence produce cercaria-free water. However, reliable design guidelines for treating water do not exist as there are insufficient data. Overall, the review found that cercariae are inactivated when storing water for 10–72 hours (depending on temperature), or with chlorination values of 3–30 mg-min/l. UV fluences between 3–60 mJ/cm2 may significantly damage or kill cercariae, and sand filters with 0.18–0.35 mm grain size have been shown to remove cercariae. This systematic review identified 67 studies about water treatment and schistosomiasis published in the past 106 years. It highlights the many factors that influence the results of water treatment experiments, which include different water quality conditions and methods for measuring key parameters. Variation in these factors limit comparability, and therefore currently available information is insufficient for providing complete water treatment design recommendations.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…japonicum [ 11 , 12 ]. Schistosome cercariae are attracted to the human host through skin chemicals, temperature gradient, and turbulence [ 13 , 14 ]. They are non-feeders, and depend on endogenous glycogen reserves [ 15 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effectiveness of water treatment processes against schistosome cercariae: A systematic review

2018

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“…These include simple tropic and tactic responses—including phototropism ( Haas et al 2008 ) and chemotaxis ( Haas et al 1995 )—that are potentially susceptible to temperature. However, the extent to which these abilities will be affected by changing temperatures is still unclear ( Lee et al 2013 ). Recent studies have demonstrated that free-swimming infective larvae of multi-host parasites may be actively or accidentally consumed in large numbers by aquatic organisms, including invertebrates, fishes, and amphibians ( Schotthoefer et al 2007 , Thieltges et al 2008 ; Kaplan et al 2009 ; Orlofske et al 2012 ).…”

Section: Implications Of Changing Thermal Environments For Host–parasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal Change and the Dynamics of Multi-Host Parasite Life Cycles in Aquatic Ecosystems

Barber

Berkhout

Ismail

2016

Integr. Comp. Biol.

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Altered thermal regimes associated with climate change are impacting significantly on the physical, chemical, and biological characteristics of the Earth’s natural ecosystems, with important implications for the biology of aquatic organisms. As well as impacting the biology of individual species, changing thermal regimes have the capacity to mediate ecological interactions between species, and the potential for climate change to impact host–parasite interactions in aquatic ecosystems is now well recognized. Predicting what will happen to the prevalence and intensity of infection of parasites with multiple hosts in their life cycles is especially challenging because the addition of each additional host dramatically increases the potential permutations of response. In this short review, we provide an overview of the diverse routes by which altered thermal regimes can impact the dynamics of multi-host parasite life cycles in aquatic ecosystems. In addition, we examine how experimentally amenable host–parasite systems are being used to determine the consequences of changing environmental temperatures for these different types of mechanism. Our overarching aim is to examine the potential of changing thermal regimes to alter not only the biology of hosts and parasites, but also the biology of interactions between hosts and parasites. We also hope to illustrate the complexity that is likely to be involved in making predictions about the dynamics of infection by multi-host parasites in thermally challenged aquatic ecosystems.

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“…The cercarial stage of Schistosoma mansoni is exquisitely adapted, anatomically and behaviorally, to locate and penetrate humans and other mammalian definitive hosts [ 1 ]. On leaving the snail intermediate host, the cercaria senses and responds to fluctuations in light and temperature [ 2 – 6 ], and it is particularly attracted to human skin surface molecules, such as fatty acids [ 2 , 3 , 5 , 7 – 9 ]. Once attached to skin, cercariae creep to find a suitable entry site, where they secrete acetabular gland contents aiding penetration [ 7 , 10 ] and are exposed to increased temperature at the body surface.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensory Protein Kinase Signaling inSchistosoma mansoniCercariae: Host Location and Invasion

Ressurreição¹,

Kirk²,

Rollinson

et al. 2015

J Infect Dis.

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Schistosoma mansoni cercariae display specific behavioral responses to abiotic/biotic stimuli enabling them to locate and infect the definitive human host. Here we report the effect of such stimulants on signaling pathways of cercariae in relation to host finding and invasion. Cercariae exposed to various light/temperature regimens displayed modulated protein kinase C (PKC), extracellular signal–regulated kinase (ERK) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) activities, with distinct responses at 37°C and intense light/dark, when compared to 24°C under normal light. Kinase activities were localized to regions including the oral sensory papillae, acetabular ducts, tegument, acetabular glands, and nervous system. Furthermore, linoleic acid modulated PKC and ERK activities concurrent with the temporal release of acetabular gland components. Attenuation of PKC, ERK, and p38 MAPK activities significantly reduced gland component release, particularly in response to linoleic acid, demonstrating the importance of these signaling pathways to host penetration mechanisms.

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Schistosoma mansoni: Assessment of effects of oleic acid, cercarial age and water temperature on parasite-host attraction

Cited by 8 publications

References 25 publications

The effectiveness of water treatment processes against schistosome cercariae: A systematic review

The effectiveness of water treatment processes against schistosome cercariae: A systematic review

Thermal Change and the Dynamics of Multi-Host Parasite Life Cycles in Aquatic Ecosystems

Sensory Protein Kinase Signaling inSchistosoma mansoniCercariae: Host Location and Invasion

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