Schistosomiasis in Saudi Arabia

Sebai, Zohair A.

doi:10.5144/0256-4947.1988.169

Cited by 20 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…A recent study from this region confirms that bladder cancer is the fourth most common cancer found in males and has a relative frequency of 9.4% among other cancers [14]. Urinary bilharziasis is indeed endemic in the southern region of Saudi Arabia and the prevalence varies from 1.7-7.6% [8,9]. In our study, only 21% of bladder cancers were bilharzial and 79% were non-bilharzial.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

“…The high incidence of bladder cancer with urinary bilharziasis in Egypt contrasts with the lower figures from other bilharzial endemic areas such as Sudan, Zambia,. Saudi Arabia is a vast country where the prevalence of urinary bilharziasis varies from one region to another [8,9]. A previous study indicated that among 254 bladder biopsies carried out at this center, 35% were associated with bilharziasis.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Bilharzial and Nonbilharzial Bladder Cancer in Asir: A Comparative Clinicopathological Study

et al. 1993

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A total of 48 bladder cancer patients out of 96 consecutive genitourinary cancer cases were divided into bilharzial and nonbilharzial groups on a histological basis in order to investigate the impact of bilharziasis on tumor behavior. Despite being a bilharzial endemic area, only 10/48 (21%) of our patients had bilharzial cancer (BC) of whom 8 (80%) had squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and 2 (20%) had adenocarcinoma. Out of 38 patients with nonbilharzial cancer (NBC), 35 (92%) had transitional cell carcinoma (TCC), and 3 (8%) had SCC. BC in males presented at a younger age than NBC (P<0.05). All ten patients with BC presented with deeply invasive (T3 and T4) tumors as compared to 22/38 (58%) with NBC (P<0.05). Comparison of clinical and laboratory features in both groups did not reveal any significant difference. We conclude that in the Asir region, TCC is the most common bladder cancer. However, with bilharziasis, bladder cancer tends to be of the squamous type and presents at an earlier age and at an advanced stage. SD Shetty, AIA Ibrahim, KP Patil, NA Morad, N Anandan, P Khurana, Bilharzial and Nonbilharzial Bladder Cancer in Asir: A Comparative Clinicopathological Study. 1993; 13(2): 151-154 The association between urinary bilharziasis and bladder cancer is well documented [1][2][3][4][5]. The high incidence of bladder cancer with urinary bilharziasis in Egypt contrasts with the lower figures from other bilharzial endemic areas such as Sudan, Zambia,. Saudi Arabia is a vast country where the prevalence of urinary bilharziasis varies from one region to another [8,9]. A previous study indicated that among 254 bladder biopsies carried out at this center, 35% were associated with bilharziasis. Scarcity of studies comparing bilharzial to nonbilharzial bladder cancer from regions such as ours prompted us to look into the impact of bilharziasis on the behavior of bladder cancer. We report our experience in this communication. Material and MethodsAsir Central Hospital in Abha is a referral hospital for the Asir Province of Saudi Arabia and receives most of the cancer patients of the region. Out of a total of 96 consecutive genitourinary cancer cases seen during the past five years, 48 were bladder cancers. The patients' age, sex, history of bilharziasis, living habitat, clinical and important laboratory features were noted. The radiological evaluation was performed using intravenous urography, ultrasonography and computed tomography (CT) scan. Staging was carried out by examination under anesthesia and histology of cystoscopic bladder biopsy and cystectomy specimens. TNM staging was used and tumor grading was carried out according to the World Health Organization (WHO) classification [10,11]. Patients were divided into Bilharzial and Nonbilharzial Bladder Cancer bilharzial and nonbilharzial groups according to the histological finding of ova of schistosoma hematobia within the tumor or in the adjacent bladder biopsy. Tumor type, tumor stage, and age at presentation were compared in both groups in addition to clin...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

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confidence: 99%

Bilharzial and Nonbilharzial Bladder Cancer in Asir: A Comparative Clinicopathological Study

et al. 1993

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“…7 The latter is considered to have the highest incidence of schistosomiasis in Saudi Arabia. 4,5 A higher frequency of 6.2% has been reported from Nigeria. 2 Approximately 70% of our cases were immigrant workers from countries where the disease is endemic.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4,5 The exact incidence of schistosomal appendicitis in our area over the study period of 10 years was difficult to establish. However, the average incidence at Dammam Central Hospital was 1.5%.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Schistosomal Appendicitis in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia: A Clinicopathological Study

et al. 1999

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Background: In cases of schistosomiasis, the appendix is commonly infested. It is not known if this is a predisposing factor for appendicitis, or a mere coincidental histological finding. Patients and Methods: A total of 56 patients (51 males and 5 females) underwent appendectomy for schistosomal appendicitis over a 10-year period at Dammam Central Hospital. The histological slides of 41 of the patients (73.2%) were retrospectively studied. Results: The highest incidence of schistosomal appendicitis was recorded in the 21-40-year age group. Ova were seen in the submucosal layers of all the excised appendices. The most common tissue responses were submucosal fibrosis (92.7%) and eosinophilia (87.8%), followed by the presence of suppurative inflammation (80.5%). Granulomatous reaction was evident in only 13 cases (31.7%). A striking feature was atrophy of submucosal lymphoid follicles in 70.7% of the cases. Hyperplasia of lymphoid follicles and serosal granulomas were rare (2.4%). Similar tissue responses were histologically seen in four normal appendices examined. Conclusion: Appendiceal infestation may predispose to appendicitis in the majority of affected cases, but in others, it may well be a mere coincidental histological finding. However, preoperative knowledge bears no clinical significance and does not alter management.

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“…[1][2][3][4][5] Because of extensive efforts to control the infection on the part of the Saudi Arabian Ministry of Health and improved socioeconomic conditions, the prevalence of schistosomiasis in Saudi Arabia has been markedly reduced to 6.5% in recent years. 6,7 To our knowledge, however, no population-based studies have been conducted in Saudi Arabia that investigate the morbidity of S. mansoni infection in relation to the intensity of infection. Gremillion et al 8 did conduct a morbidity study based on quantitative egg excretion of S. mansoni in 66 Saudi Arabian recruits (17-24 years old) studying in the United States.…”

Section: Accepted For Publication 27 September 1989mentioning

confidence: 99%

Morbidity from Schistosoma Mansoni in Relation to Intensity of Infection in a Community-Based Study

Ghandour¹,

Al-Robai²,

Doenhoff

et al. 1990

Ann Saudi Med

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The morbidity of schistosomiasis mansoni in the Hijaz highlands was investigated in relation to the intensity of infection among a group of 162 patients. Of these, 58.6% showed light infection, 26.52% moderate infection, and only 14.9% heavy infection. The morbidity parameters in these patients were compared to a normal noninfected group of 161 persons residing in Jeddah (nonendemic area). Fatigue, abdominal pain, and constipation occurred more frequently among infected patients. There was a positive relationship between these symptoms and the intensity of infection. Fatigue was observed more frequently among patients older than 21 years, suggesting that this symptom increases with age. Abdominal pain and constipation showed an equal distribution between the under and over 20-years age groups. Hepatomegaly and splenomegaly were somewhat more frequent among patients with high-intensity infection.AM Ghandour, AA Al-Robai, M Doenhoff, AA Banaja, Morbidity from Schistosoma Mansoni in Relation to Intensity of Infection in a Community-Based Study. 1990; 10(4): 420-425 Human infection with Schistosoma mansoni has been reported from several localities in Saudi Arabia and exhibits a patchy distribution that ranged between 0 and 90%.

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Schistosomiasis in Saudi Arabia

Cited by 20 publications

References 7 publications

Bilharzial and Nonbilharzial Bladder Cancer in Asir: A Comparative Clinicopathological Study

Bilharzial and Nonbilharzial Bladder Cancer in Asir: A Comparative Clinicopathological Study

Schistosomal Appendicitis in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia: A Clinicopathological Study

Morbidity from Schistosoma Mansoni in Relation to Intensity of Infection in a Community-Based Study

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