Schistosomiasis of the nervous system

Coyle, Christina M.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-53490-3.00022-4

Cited by 30 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 66 publications

(139 reference statements)

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“…CNS symptoms and epilepsy are reported to occur in 2.6% and 2.1% of S. japonicum infections, respectively 37 . Neuroschistosomiasis can be fatal, especially in its tumour-like form when it affects the cerebellum, but accurate mortality rates are unavailable 38 .…”

Section: Infections Affecting the Nervous Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global research priorities for infections that affect the nervous system

John

Carabin

Montano

et al. 2015

Nature

130

135

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Infections that cause significant nervous system morbidity globally include viral (for example, HIV, rabies, Japanese encephalitis virus, herpes simplex virus, varicella zoster virus, cytomegalovirus, dengue virus and chikungunya virus), bacterial (for example, tuberculosis, syphilis, bacterial meningitis and sepsis), fungal (for example, cryptococcal meningitis) and parasitic (for example, malaria, neurocysticercosis, neuroschistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminths) infections. The neurological, cognitive, behavioural or mental health problems caused by the infections probably affect millions of children and adults in low- and middle-income countries. However, precise estimates of morbidity are lacking for most infections, and there is limited information on the pathogenesis of nervous system injury in these infections. Key research priorities for infection-related nervous system morbidity include accurate estimates of disease burden; point-of-care assays for infection diagnosis; improved tools for the assessment of neurological, cognitive and mental health impairment; vaccines and other interventions for preventing infections; improved understanding of the pathogenesis of nervous system disease in these infections; more effective methods to treat and prevent nervous system sequelae; operations research to implement known effective interventions; and improved methods of rehabilitation. Research in these areas, accompanied by efforts to implement promising technologies and therapies, could substantially decrease the morbidity and mortality of infections affecting the nervous system in low- and middle-income countries.

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Section: Infections Affecting the Nervous Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global research priorities for infections that affect the nervous system

John

Carabin

Montano

et al. 2015

Nature

130

135

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“…This clinical condition is often underdiagnosed and under-recognized with a high risk of disability if not treated early [4]. The first case of neuroschistosomiasis was reported by Coyle et al in a German traveler who developed spinal myelitis after visiting Brazil in 1930 [5]. The involvement of the central nervous system is rare among Schistosoma species ( S. japonicum is the most common species), which affects the brain and induces cerebral encephalitis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The preferential location of spinal schistosomiasis is in the lower spinal cord, likely related to the anastomotic site between the Batson venous plexus and pelvic veins located between T11 and L1 levels [8]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroschistosomiasis mimicking lower back pain: case report of a rare differential diagnosis in a pediatric patient

et al. 2018

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BackgroundSpinal myelitis is an infrequent manifestation of spinal cord infection. It is caused by the Schistosoma species, which are endemic in South America, part of the Middle East, and Africa.Case presentationWe report the case of a 13-year-old male adolescent complaining of progressive lower back pain and weakness of the lower extremities for 3 days. Initial magnetic resonance imaging revealed typical transverse myelitis. Subsequently, parasite serology showed a markedly elevated level of Schistosoma antibody titers, and cerebrospinal fluid analysis yielded normal results. Because of our presumptive diagnosis of neuroschistosomiasis, the patient was prescribed an empirical regimen of an anti-parasitic agent, after which his neurological deficit promptly subsided. The patient was followed for 1 year and showed a complete long-term resolution of symptoms.ConclusionsThis case highlights the increasing prevalence of neuroschistosomiasis in recent years, particularly in patients with a history of travel to endemic regions. Moreover, the study reports the clinicoradiological features of this enigmatic disorder. This rare occurrence potentiates further studies to address unanswered questions about neuroschistosomiasis.

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“…Severe disease can lead to flaccid paraplegia with areflexia, sphincter dysfunction, and sensory disturbance. [ 13 ] Although the onset of the disease may vary from sudden to chronic, the manifestations of impairments of the spinal cord or roots usually arise in a subacute or chronic presentation, with the signs and symptoms progressively appear. However, in some cases, it was reported that there is an improvement or even full regression of pain, which is the most frequent early symptom to appear, as the remaining manifestations arose.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%