Schistosomiasis: Overview of the history, biology, clinicopathology, and laboratory diagnosis

Coon, David R.

doi:10.1016/j.clinmicnews.2005.10.001

Cited by 19 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…As one of the oldest parasitic diseases, the history of schistosomiasis can be traced back to the 20th Dynasty of ancient Egypt (Coon, 2005; Tan et al, 2007). The widespread distribution and transmission of this disease has enormous implications on the human health.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Schistosoma mansoni antigen Sm-p80: Prophylactic efficacy of a vaccine formulated in human approved plasmid vector and adjuvant (VR 1020 and alum)

et al. 2011

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Schistosomiasis is an important parasitic disease. Consensus is developing now that ideal control methods of the disease should be based on an integrated approach incorporating drug treatment, sanitation improvement, education, and an effective vaccine. With regards to the vaccine development, Sm-p80 has been shown to be a promising and strong immunogenic vaccine candidate. In the present study, Sm-p80-based vaccine formulated in alum was tested for its prophylactic efficacy in a mouse model. It was observed that vaccination using heterologous prime boost (DNA prime followed by boost with protein formulated in alum) and homologous prime boost (both prime and boost with protein formulated in alum) approaches, resulted in 61% and 55% reduction in worm burden, respectively. The protection was directly correlated with the induction of high titers of antibody responses that mainly included IgG, its isotypes, and IgM. In addition, both of the immunization approaches triggered a mixed Th1 and Th2 type response. Some involvement of Th17 specific immune response was also detected as indicated by the upregulation of relevant cytokines. These results reinforce the potential of Sm-p80 as a viable vaccine candidate.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Schistosoma mansoni antigen Sm-p80: Prophylactic efficacy of a vaccine formulated in human approved plasmid vector and adjuvant (VR 1020 and alum)

et al. 2011

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“…Human schistosomiasis is a zoonosis that has endangered human health for thousands of years [1,2]. A recent report indicates that approximately 200 million people are infected and over 750 million people are at risk of infection [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a rapid dipstick with latex immunochromatographic assay (DLIA) for diagnosis of schistosomiasis japonica

Ding

Wen

et al. 2011

Parasites Vectors

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BackgroundSchistosomiasis japonica (schistosomiasis) is a zoonosis that can seriously affect human health. At present, the immunodiagnostic assays for schistosomiasis detection are time-consuming and require well-trained personnel and special instruments, which can limit their use in the field. Thus, there is a pressing need for a simple and rapid immunoassay to screen patients on a large scale. In this study, we developed a novel rapid dipstick with latex immunochromatographic assay (DLIA) to detect anti-Schisaosoma japonicum antibodies in human serum.ResultsUsing latex microspheres as a color probe, DLIA was established to test standard positive and negative sera, in comparison with the classical enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The sensitivity and specificity of DLIA were 95.10% (97/102) and 94.91% (261/275), respectively. The cross-reaction rates with clonorchiosis, intestinal nematodes, Angiostrongylus cantonensis and paragonimiasis were 0, 0, 0 and 42.11% respectively. All the results showed no significant difference to the ELISA. In field tests, 333 human serum samples from an endemic area were tested with DLIA, and compared with ELISA and Kato-Katz method. There was no significant difference between DLIA and ELISA on positive and negative rates of detection; however, significant differences existed between DLIA and Kato-Katz method, and between ELISA and Kato-Katz method. The kappa value between DLIA and ELISA was 0.90.ConclusionsThis is the first study in which DLIA was used to detect anti-Schistosoma japonicum antibody. The results show that DLIA is a simple, rapid, convenient, sensitive and specific assay for the diagnosis of schistosomiasis and is therefore very suitable for large-scale field applications and clinical detection.

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“…Thereafter, they shed their tails whilst simultaneously penetrating the epidermis to develop into larval forms called schistosomulae which remain in the skin for 48 h [3]. They then circulate the hepatic portal system via the bloodstream to mature into 6 : adults [19]. The worms then mate 28–35 days after infection, producing about 100–300 eggs per day (female S. mansoni and S. haematobium female worms) and 500–3500 eggs produced daily by S. japonicum worms which are released from the human host via defecation, thereby continuing the destructive cycle [20,21].…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Universal Stress Proteins as New Targets for Environmental and Therapeutic Interventions of Schistosomiasis

Masamba

Adenowo

Oyinloye

et al. 2016

IJERPH

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In spite of various control measures and eradication methods that have been in progress, schistosomiasis still prevails as one of the most prevalent debilitating parasitic diseases, typically affecting the poor and the underprivileged that are predominantly concentrated in sub-Saharan Africa. The parasitic schistosome blood fluke responsible for causing the disease completes its complex developmental cycle in two hosts: humans and freshwater snails, where they physically undergo gross modifications to endure the different conditions associated with each host. Just like any other organism, the worm possesses mechanisms that help them respond to environmental insults. It has been hypothesized that a special class of proteins known as Universal Stress Proteins (USPs) are up-regulated during sudden environmental changes, thus assisting the worm to tolerate the unfavourable conditions associated with its developmental cycle. The position of praziquantel as the drug of choice against all schistosome infections has been deemed vulnerable due to mounting concerns over drug pressure and so the need for alternative treatment is now a matter of urgency. Therefore, this review seeks to explore the associations and possible roles of USPs in schistosomiasis as well as the functioning of these proteins in the schistosomulae stage in order to develop new therapeutic interventions against this disease.

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Schistosomiasis: Overview of the history, biology, clinicopathology, and laboratory diagnosis

Cited by 19 publications

References 29 publications

Schistosoma mansoni antigen Sm-p80: Prophylactic efficacy of a vaccine formulated in human approved plasmid vector and adjuvant (VR 1020 and alum)

Schistosoma mansoni antigen Sm-p80: Prophylactic efficacy of a vaccine formulated in human approved plasmid vector and adjuvant (VR 1020 and alum)

Development of a rapid dipstick with latex immunochromatographic assay (DLIA) for diagnosis of schistosomiasis japonica

Universal Stress Proteins as New Targets for Environmental and Therapeutic Interventions of Schistosomiasis

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