Schizoid personality disorder linked to unbearable and inescapable loneliness

Martens, Willem H. J.

doi:10.4321/s0213-61632010000100005

“…However, subjective rationales behind such interpersonal disengagement relate to a belief set, specific to SPD, often formed in the context of early life experiences. And these experiences, as established in literature reviewed by Martens (2010), appear to be characterised by the underlying theme of prolonged loneliness and social detachment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Increasing Psychosocial Health with Cognitive Therapy in Schizoid Personality Disorder: A Single Subject Design

Mankiewicz¹,

Renton²

2019

AJHMS

1

0

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Schizoid personality disorder (SPD) has been characterised by a persistent detachment from, and indifference to, interpersonal relationships, alongside restricted range of expressed emotions, and limited rewards gained from social interactions, resulting in limited levels of socially healthy behaviour. Although the applicability of evidencebased psychological treatments, including cognitive therapy (CT), has been indicated, there is a noticeable scarcity of relevant academic literature that might inform clinical practice in mental health clinics. This rigorous single subject design study attempts to address such apparent gap in literature. Sixteen sessions of CT were undertaken with an individual diagnosed with SPD and comorbid mood disorder in a community-based mental healthcare setting. Formal standardised measurement, behaviour frequency sampling, and subjective data were utilised to systematically evaluate the outcomes, indicating a considerable improvement in psychosocial functioning. The paper highlights the pertinence of cognitive and behavioural strategies in helping schizoid individuals address their interpersonal difficulties, reduce emotional distress, acquire socially inclusive behaviour, and ultimately increase their psychosocial health, without the need for explicitly intervening with their underlying personality traits.

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“…Nine (81.81%) of the patients are unmarried. Loneliness is an important factor in the etiology of mental disorders (Martens, 2010). The risk of violent behavior increases in unmarried patients (Bowers et al, 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in The Signs, Symptoms, and Anger Management of Patients with A Risk of Violent Behavior After Receiving Assertive Training and Family Psychoeducation Using Roy’s Theoretical Approach: A Case Report

Fahrizal¹,

Mustikasari

²

,

Daulima

³

2020

Jurnal Keperawatan Indonesia

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Mental disorders are predicted to increase every year. Patients with severe mental disorders, such as schizophrenia, often engage in violent behavior. The treatment of such patients can use general nursing treatments (anger management with physical therapy, taking medicines regularly, and verbal and spiritual methods) and specialist nursing interventions (assertive training and family psychoeducation). This case report involved 11 patients, with the majority aged between 26 and 60 years, unemployed, high school graduates, unmarried, and with previous inpatient history. Generalist and specialist nursing interventions (assertive training and family psychoeducation) use Roy's adaptation theory and Stuart's stress adaptation approach. Nursing interventions were conducted sequentially, starting with generalist nursing interventions, followed by specialist ones. The method used was a pre-posttest in which each patient received generalist and specialist nursing interventions, assertive training, and family psychoeducation, each consisting of five sessions. Results of assertive training therapy and family psychoeducation showed a decrease in the signs and symptoms of violent behavior as well as an improvement in the patient's ability to overcome the risk of violent behavior. The application of Roy's adaptation theory and Stuart's stress adaptation approach is potentially appropriate for the treatment of patients with a risk of violent behavior.

show abstract

“…Loneliness is an important factor in the etiology of mental disorders (Martens, 2010). The risk of violent behavior increases in unmarried patients (Bowers et al, 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in The Signs, Symptoms, and Anger Management of Patients with A Risk of Violent Behavior After Receiving Assertive Training and Family Psychoeducation Using Roy’s Theoretical Approach: A Case Report

Fahrizal¹,

Mustikasari

²

,

Daulima

³

2020

Jurnal Keperawatan Indonesia

1

0

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Mental disorders are predicted to increase every year. Patients with severe mental disorders, such as schizophrenia, often engage in violent behavior. The treatment of such patients can use general nursing treatments (anger management with physical therapy, taking medicines regularly, and verbal and spiritual methods) and specialist nursing interventions (assertive training and family psychoeducation). This case report involved 11 patients, with the majority aged between 26 and 60 years, unemployed, high school graduates, unmarried, and with previous inpatient history. Generalist and specialist nursing interventions (assertive training and family psychoeducation) use Roy's adaptation theory and Stuart's stress adaptation approach. Nursing interventions were conducted sequentially, starting with generalist nursing interventions, followed by specialist ones. The method used was a pre-posttest in which each patient received generalist and specialist nursing interventions, assertive training, and family psychoeducation, each consisting of five sessions. Results of assertive training therapy and family psychoeducation showed a decrease in the signs and symptoms of violent behavior as well as an improvement in the patient's ability to overcome the risk of violent behavior. The application of Roy's adaptation theory and Stuart's stress adaptation approach is potentially appropriate for the treatment of patients with a risk of violent behavior. Abstrak Perubahan Tanda, Gejala, dan Manajemen Marah pada Pasien dengan Risiko Perilaku Kekerasan Setelah Menerima Pelatihan Asertif dan Psikoedukasi Keluarga Menggunakan Pendekatan Teori Roy: Studi Kasus.Gangguan jiwa secara keseluruhan diprediksikan akan semakin meningkat setiap tahunnya. Pasien dengan masalah gangguan jiwa berat seperti skizofrenia seringkali melakukan perilaku kekerasan. Penanganan pasien dengan perilaku kekerasan dapat menggunakan tindakan keperawatan generalis (mengontrol marah dengan cara fisik, minum obat teratur, cara verbal dan cara spiritual) dan tindakan keperawatan spesialis (latihan asertif dan psikoedukasi keluarga). Laporan kasus ini melibatkan 11 pasien dengan karakteristik mayoritas usia 26-60 tahun, tidak bekerja, tingkat pendidikan SMA, belum menikah, dan memiliki riwayat dirawat sebelumnya. Tindakan keperawatan yang diberikan adalah tindakan keperawatan generalis dan ners spesialis latihan asertif dan psikoedukasi keluarga dengan menggunakan pendekatan teori adaptasi Roy dan adaptasi stress Stuart. Tindakan keperawatan dilakukan secara berurutan/ bertahap dimulai dengan tindakan keperawatan generalis kemudian dilanjutkan dengan tindakan keperawatan ners spesialis. Metode yang digunakan adalah preposttest dimana setiap pasien mendapatkan tindakan generalis serta tindakan ners spesialis latihan asertif dan psikoedukasi keluarga yang masing-masing terdiri dari 5 sesi. Hasil penerapan terapi latihan asertif dan psikoedukasi keluarga menunjukkan terjadinya penurunan tanda dan gejala risiko perilaku kekerasan serta terjadinya peningkatan kemampuan p...

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Schizoid personality disorder linked to unbearable and inescapable loneliness

Cited by 19 publications

References 34 publications

Increasing Psychosocial Health with Cognitive Therapy in Schizoid Personality Disorder: A Single Subject Design

Increasing Psychosocial Health with Cognitive Therapy in Schizoid Personality Disorder: A Single Subject Design

Changes in The Signs, Symptoms, and Anger Management of Patients with A Risk of Violent Behavior After Receiving Assertive Training and Family Psychoeducation Using Roy’s Theoretical Approach: A Case Report

Changes in The Signs, Symptoms, and Anger Management of Patients with A Risk of Violent Behavior After Receiving Assertive Training and Family Psychoeducation Using Roy’s Theoretical Approach: A Case Report

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