“…In divorcing the modules' content from positive, culturally-responsive interactions with students (see, for example, Bucalos & Lingo, 2005), the state suggests a teacher's job is less about encouraging individual growth and more about an efficient production of well-behaved workers. This is in line with Hanawalt's (2018) description of a "good" art student as someone who "follow[s] directions, adhere[s] to norms of school behavior, and produce[s] work (data) that shows tangible results of learning (such as appropriate use of line, the techniques of Van Gogh, or use of one-point perspective)" (p. 99). It further affirms the historical roles of art education for disabled students as vocational preparation (Kraft, 2006) and as rehabilitation (Blandy, 1991).…”