School-based obesity prevention in Chilean primary school children: methodology and evaluation of a controlled study

Kain, Juliana; Uauy, Ricardo; Albala,; Vío, Fernando; Rioseco, Ricardo Cerda; Leyton, Bárbara

doi:10.1038/sj.ijo.0802611

Cited by 154 publications

(249 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Where studies 38,39,51,55,56 reported mean changes in outcome measures from baseline (pre) to end point (post) for each intervention group (that is, DI or DC), data were entered in RevMan with their corresponding number of participants and s's. For trials 40,41,43,44,46 that reported both pre-and post-intervention values, changes were computed by subtracting the pre-from the post-measurements. In case of missing s's, the s's were estimated by imputing s's of other studies using the same outcome measures.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Given that intervention components vary considerably across studies, it is not possible to do so definitively; however, several salient considerations emerge from this review. An assessment limited to the findings of formal meta-analysis suggests that the following commonly used program components may be valuable: parent involvement (as discussed above), [37][38][39][40][41]43,44 classroom (or after-school) instruction on improving dietary intake or increasing PA, [37][38][39][40][41]43,44,46,49 participatory/hands-on, skill building student activities, [37][38][39][40][41]43,44,49 the provision of print materials, [37][38][39][40] teacher training for program implementation, 37-39 student competitions, 44 improvements to the nutritional environment (school cafeteria offerings, etc. ), 43,46 implementation of PA programs in addition to routine PE, 40,41,43 modifications to duration, frequency or intensity of existing PE, 46,49 use of non-competitive PA, 49 training in behavioral techniques (including self monitoring, goal setting, etc.)…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Common strategies included: parent or family member participation; [37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45] changing the physical environment; 43,44,[46][47][48] [37][38][39] and student training in behavioral techniques such as self-monitoring. 38,39,52,53 Detailed descriptions of each study can be found in Table 1.…”

Section: Study Identificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All the studies included in the meta-analysis were combination interventions (nutrition plus physical activity). [37][38][39][40][41]43,44,46,49 Strategies for prevention and control of obesity DL Katz et al Strategies for prevention and control of obesity…”

Section: Study Identificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Strategies for the prevention and control of obesity in the school setting: systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2008

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Objective: To determine the effectiveness of school-based strategies for obesity prevention and control using methods of systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods: Peer-reviewed studies published between 1966 and October 2004 were considered for review. Studies meeting eligibility criteria were published in English, targeted children aged 3-18 in a school setting, reported weight-related outcomes, included a control measurement and had at least a 6-month follow-up period. Studies employed interventions related to nutrition, physical activity, reduction in television viewing or combinations thereof. Weight related data were analyzed using RevMan software. Results: Sixty-four studies were considered for inclusion. Fourteen did not meet inclusion criteria; 29 were excluded due to poor methodological quality. Twenty-one papers describing 19 studies were included in the systematic review and 8 of these were included in the meta-analysis. Nutrition and physical activity interventions resulted in significant reductions in body weight compared with control ((standardized mean difference, SMD ¼ À0.29, 95% confidence interval (CI) ¼ À0.45 to À0.14), random effects model). Parental or family involvement of nutrition and physical activity interventions also induced weight reduction ((SMD ¼ À0.20, 95%CI ¼ À0.41 to 0.00), random effects model). Conclusion: Combination nutrition and physical activity interventions are effective at achieving weight reduction in school settings. Several promising strategies for addressing obesity in the school setting are suggested, and warrant replication and further testing.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Study Identificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Study Identificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Strategies for the prevention and control of obesity in the school setting: systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2008

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“…Effects on adiposity were seen only in the Planet Health program, 2 and then only among girls. Reviewing an additional eight trials, Wareham et al 3 also found heterogeneous results: two trials achieved effects for boys but not girls, 4,5 while the others, including the elaborate Pathways program that ran for 3 years, 6 were unsuccessful in modifying adiposity. The US Task Force on Community Preventive Services concluded that the evidence on school-based interventions was not adequate to recommend them for obesity prevention.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

School-based physical activity and changes in adiposity

2007

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Objective: School-based physical education (PE) is often proposed as a strategy for obesity prevention, but many trials have found non-significant effects on body mass index (BMI). We examined the impact of school PE on adiposity in adolescents, using an ecological analysis to relate the number of PE sessions to changes in BMI and waist circumference. Research methods and procedures: Five-year, longitudinal, school-based study involving 34 secondary schools in London, England. Students were aged 11-12 years at baseline. Twenty-five schools reported one weekly session of PE, seven schools reported two sessions and two boys' schools reported three sessions. Weights, heights and waist circumferences were measured annually, and complete data from the first and fifth years of the study were available on 2727 students. Analyses compared anthropometric changes between students in schools with higher or lower amounts of PE time. In boys, the comparisons were between those receiving 1, 2 or 3 weekly sessions. In girls, comparisons were between those receiving one and two sessions. Results: There were no differences in BMI changes or the percentage of students classified as obese between schools of higher and lower frequency of PE. However, using unadjusted data, there were lower gains in waist circumference in boys and girls from the higher PE schools. Controlling for baseline demographic and anthropometric characteristics, boys in schools providing 3 weekly PE sessions gained on average approximately 3 cm less than boys in schools providing one or two sessions (Po0.001). Differences in girls were in the same direction but not significant. Discussion: Higher levels of school PE were associated with lower gains in adiposity in boys. This strengthens the case for including recommendations on school PE time as part of population strategies to control adolescent obesity.

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Interventions for preventing obesity in children

Summerbell

Waters

Edmunds

et al. 2005

Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

829

909

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Background Obesity prevention is an international public health priority. The prevalence of obesity and overweight is increasing in child populations throughout the world, impacting on short and long-term health. Obesity prevention strategies for children can change behaviour but efficacy in terms of preventing obesity remains poorly understood. Objectives To assess the effectiveness of interventions designed to prevent obesity in childhood through diet, physical activity and/or lifestyle and social support. Search strategy MEDLINE, PsycINFO, EMBASE, CINAHL and CENTRAL were searched from 1990 to February 2005. Non-English language papers were included and experts contacted. Selection criteria Randomised controlled trials and controlled clinical trials with minimum duration twelve weeks. Data collection and analysis Two reviewers independently extracted data and assessed study quality. Main results Twenty-two studies were included; ten long-term (at least 12 months) and twelve short-term (12 weeks to 12 months). Nineteen were school/preschool-based interventions, one was a community-based intervention targeting low-income families, and two were familybased interventions targeting non-obese children of obese or overweight parents. Six of the ten long-term studies combined dietary education and physical activity interventions; five resulted in no difference in overweight status between groups and one resulted in improvements for girls receiving the intervention, but not boys. Two studies Interventions for preventing obesity in children (Review)

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School-based obesity prevention in Chilean primary school children: methodology and evaluation of a controlled study

Cited by 154 publications

References 33 publications

Strategies for the prevention and control of obesity in the school setting: systematic review and meta-analysis

Strategies for the prevention and control of obesity in the school setting: systematic review and meta-analysis

School-based physical activity and changes in adiposity

Interventions for preventing obesity in children

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