School-Based Prevention-Evolution of Evidence-Based Strategies

Normalization of Prevention Principles and Practices to Reduce Substance Use Disorders Through an Integrated Dissemination and Implementation Framework

“…While risk and protective factors have become a more salient prevention approach being used in communities, there may not be an awareness among prevention professionals about the science underlying the processes that put individuals at risk or protect them from engagement in behaviors that impact their social, emotional, and physical health (e.g., Brook et al, 1989;Fishbein and Dariotis, 2019;Huba et al, 1981;Kandel and Logan, 1984;Sloboda, 2018;Trucco and Hartmann, 2021). This work has formed the basis for common liability models that show the relationships between psychosocial and environmental factors.…”

“…We now understand the mechanisms that impact vulnerabilities to substance use as the interface of individual liabilities with micro-and macro-level environments across the life span. Sloboda et al (2012); Sloboda (2018) and Fishbein and Ridenour (2016) address the interface of individual characteristics or liability and the micro-and macro-level environments that include family and economic and public/social policy, respectively. It is the interface of these environments and individual characteristics that define risk or protection, thus linking back to the work of Hawkins and colleagues (1992).…”