“…Not surprisingly perhaps, the literature reviewed on autism and Indigenous children frequently defaulted to a medical worldview centred on a diagnostic criteria of autism spectrum disorder, as outlined in the aforementioned DSM-V, developed by the American Psychiatric Association (2013) (Lindblom 2013(Lindblom , 2014aGovernment of Canada, 2018;Ouellette-Kuntz et al, 2006;Shochet et al, 2020). Consistent with the tendency of a medical worldview to focus on deficits (Manago, Davis & Goar, 2017;Shochet et al, 2020), descriptions of autism focused on impairments in social interaction and communication, restricted activities and interests (Di Pietro & Illes, 2014;Ouellette-Kuntz et al, 2006), psychosocial challenges (Shochet et al, 2020), disruptive behaviors (Shochet et al, 2020) and reduced quality of life with potential lifelong implications (Hiebert-Murphy et al, 2008;Lindblom, 2017a). Similarly, autism was associated with "tremendous" (Di Pietro & Illes, 2014, p. 75) or "extraordinary" (Burstyn et al, 2010, p. 125) economic costs for society and families (Leitch, 2007).…”