Schottky barrier versus surface ferroelectric depolarization at Cu/Pb(Zr, Ti)O3 interfaces

Stoflea, Laura E.; Apostol, Nicoleta G.; Chirilă, Cristina; Trupina, L.; Negrea, Raluca; Pintilie, L.; Teodorescu, Cristian M.

doi:10.1007/s10853-014-8041-6

Cited by 22 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Introducing usual values for high quality crystalline ferroelectric thin films of lead zirco-titanate (PZT) 11 , P ⊥ ≈ 0.4 C/m 2 , δ ≈ 3 nm, and ∈ r ≈ 180, this yields a band bending of 0.76 eV (These values, estimated one decade ago will be re-evaluated later for the actual samples.). Recently, band bendings even larger (in the range of 1 eV) were reported for pulsed laser deposited PZT 12 13 , consistent with a higher value of the polarization 17 , approaching 1 C/m 2 . Another approach is to attribute the origin of compensating charges to adsorbates or ionic surface reconstructions, a passivation mechanism found more stable thermodynamically than the compensation by mobile carriers 16 18 .…”

supporting

confidence: 59%

“…insulating and insulated from ground) layer with no contaminants is possible only via the formation of ferroelectric (mostly 180°) domains, otherwise the depolarization field due to bound charges, oriented anti-parallel to the polarization, is sufficient to destroy the polarized state 9 . However, single domain ferroelectric ultrathin layers are routinely synthesized nowadays, using advanced deposition techniques, such as pulsed laser deposition (PLD) 8 10 11 12 13 , up to thicknesses of three lattice constants (about 1.2 nm 14 15 ). This is due to the presence of some other charges in the system, able to compensate the depolarization field.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Ferroelectric triggering of carbon monoxide adsorption on lead zirco-titanate (001) surfaces

Tănase

Apostol

Abramiuc

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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Atomically clean lead zirco-titanate PbZr0.2Ti0.8O3 (001) layers exhibit a polarization oriented inwards P(−), visible by a band bending of all core levels towards lower binding energies, whereas as introduced layers exhibit P(+) polarization under air or in ultrahigh vacuum. The magnitude of the inwards polarization decreases when the temperature is increased at 700 K. CO adsorption on P(−) polarized surfaces saturates at about one quarter of a monolayer of carbon, and occurs in both molecular (oxidized) and dissociated (reduced) states of carbon, with a large majority of reduced state. The sticking of CO on the surface in ultrahigh vacuum is found to be directly related to the P(−) polarization state of the surface. A simple electrostatic mechanism is proposed to explain these dissociation processes and the sticking of carbon on P(−) polarized areas. Carbon desorbs also when the surface is irradiated with soft X-rays. Carbon desorption when the polarization is lost proceeds most probably in form of CO2. Upon carbon desorption cycles, the ferroelectric surface is depleted in oxygen and at some point reverses its polarization, owing to electrons provided by oxygen vacancies which are able to screen the depolarization field produced by positive fixed charges at the surface.

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confidence: 59%

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confidence: 99%

Ferroelectric triggering of carbon monoxide adsorption on lead zirco-titanate (001) surfaces

Tănase

Apostol

Abramiuc

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

Self Cite

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“…The PZT and reduced PZT powders were further analyzed by operando X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) as shown in Figure d,e. The peak at around 137.6 eV (Figure d) could be attributed to the binding energies of the Pb 2+ 4f 7/2 of PZT . After reacted with Li, two new types of chemical environment could be observed (Figure d).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Dendrite‐Free Lithium Plating Induced by In Situ Transferring Protection Layer from Separator

Liu

Gao

et al. 2019

Adv Funct Materials

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Lithium (Li) metal anodes are regarded as a promising pathway to meet the rapidly growing requirements on high energy density cells, owing to their highest gravimetric capacity (3840 mAh g −1 ) and their lowest redox potential. The application of Li metal anodes, however, is still hindered by undesired dendrites formation and endless consumption of liquid electrolyte due to a continuous reaction on interface of electrolyte/Li-metal without a stable solid-electrolyte-interface (SEI) layer. A stable protection layer is formed on Li metal anode by in situ transferring the coating layer from polymer separator. The Li anode protection strategy is developed with an in situ formed protection layer transferred through the reduction of a coating layer on polymer separator. A PbZr 0.52 Ti 0.48 O 3 (PZT) coating layer on polypropylene (PP) separator is reduced by Li metal anode to produce a Pb metal containing composite layer, which could form Pb-Li alloy and adhere to the surface of Li metal anode after the reaction and improves the Li plating/stripping efficiency owing to the formation of a more homogenized electric field. Both the Li/Li symmetric cells and LiFePO 4 /Li cells with this PZT precoated PP separators exhibit significantly improved Coulombic efficiency and cycling life.

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“…Use of these materials as gatecontrol layers and data retention components in high-density memory architectures is an on-going interest. [1][2][3][4][5][6] The presence of FE polarization alters the classical characteristics of film-electrode junctions in an otherwise linear dielectric semiconductor, making polarization manipulation of carriers possible [6][7][8][9] but at the expense of potential leakage currents. [10][11][12][13][14][15] For this very reason, electrical and polarization boundary conditions (BCs) at the film-electrode interface become crucially important parameters that determine the functionality of these systems almost regardless of film thickness.…”

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Carrier accumulation near electrodes in ferroelectric films due to polarization boundary conditions

Misirlioglu

Yıldız

2014

Journal of Applied Physics

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We study the effect of surface polarization on the distribution of free carriers in a wide bandgap semiconductor ferroelectric (FE) film using a thermodynamic approach. We show that free carriers, namely, holes and electrons from ionizable impurities or atomic vacancies can accumulate near the film-electrode interface, if FE polarization profile has a very steep change near the surface that is specified by the extrapolation length. Such an outcome is just the opposite of what happens in a Schottky junction in a partially or fully depleted film. This is also an entirely different effect than what has been often studied in similar structures, where the work function and screening length of the electrode metal determines the electronic character of the interface. Even for low-to-moderate densities of ionizable defects with states within the bandgap close to the band edges, high densities of carriers can localize close to the electrodes in a single domain state FE film when above a critical thickness. For very low densities of such ionizable defects, short extrapolation lengths cause electrical domain formation with minimal carrier accumulation because of the already weak depolarizing fields. This is also true for films below a critical thickness with low-to-moderate densities of ionizable impurities, i.e., electrical domains get stabilized regardless of defect density. The implications of our findings for polarization controlled Schottky to Ohmic-like transition of an interface and experimental results are discussed. It is also found that interfaces of an n-type FE heterostructure can behave like a p-type depending on the barrier heights and impurity density. We conclude that, for low-to-moderate ionizable impurity densities, it is the rate of change of polarization at the interface with position rather than solely its presence that leads to carrier accumulation and that both interfaces can become Ohmic-like with opposite signs of carriers.

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Schottky barrier versus surface ferroelectric depolarization at Cu/Pb(Zr, Ti)O3 interfaces

Cited by 22 publications

References 37 publications

Ferroelectric triggering of carbon monoxide adsorption on lead zirco-titanate (001) surfaces

Ferroelectric triggering of carbon monoxide adsorption on lead zirco-titanate (001) surfaces

Dendrite‐Free Lithium Plating Induced by In Situ Transferring Protection Layer from Separator

Carrier accumulation near electrodes in ferroelectric films due to polarization boundary conditions

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