Schrödinger’s placenta: Determining placentas as not/waste

Yoshizawa, Rebecca Scott; Hird, Myra J.

doi:10.1177/2514848619855367

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…Or it may be understood as a person, in need of disposal as a human corpse alongside other human bodies, as has been noted in France (Charrier & Clavandier, 2019). Similar classificatory tensions have been reported in the disposal of other pregnancy tissues such as the placenta (Yoshizawa & Hird, 2019). Confusion of classificatory categories may cause public outcry, as in the medical retention of human body parts and foetal bodies at Bristol Royal Infirmary and Alder Hey Children's Hospital in Liverpool (Mason & Laurie, 2001) which led to the regulation of storage and disposal of human tissue by the 2004 Human Tissue Act.…”

Section: The Dead Foetal Being: Human Tissue or Human Corpse?mentioning

confidence: 61%

Pregnancy remains, infant remains, or the corpse of a child? The incoherent governance of the dead foetal body in England

Middlemiss

2020

Mortality

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In English law, the conventional view is that human personhood is produced by live birth, kinship is produced by relations between persons, and corpses are produced on the death of persons, which are then buried or cremated. Beings produced by human pregnancy which do not fit these discursive categories are classified as 'pregnancy remains', have no personhood or kinship, and their disposal is regulated as human tissue. However, this paper argues that the governance of the dead, born, foetal body in England, in fact, produces forms of foetal personhood, through the regulation of the material dead bodies of foetuses and babies. Furthermore, the assignment of responsibility for disposal and post-mortem decisions to kin of the dead foetal being also produces a relational form of foetal personhood. The examination of second-trimester pregnancy loss in England through fieldwork with women who have experienced foetal death, premature labour, and termination for foetal anomaly before 24 weeks' gestation reveals how governance of the dead, born, foetal body in England is incoherent.It also illustrates the effects of this incoherence on parental choices about the range of actions available after pregnancy loss in relation to the material body of the foetal being or baby.

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Section: The Dead Foetal Being: Human Tissue or Human Corpse?mentioning

confidence: 61%

Pregnancy remains, infant remains, or the corpse of a child? The incoherent governance of the dead foetal body in England

Middlemiss

2020

Mortality

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“…From this example, we can discern de-circularity as refined biogas becomes the new waste. We also notice how human labour and the innovative ideas of 'stabilization' (supply) and 'de-stabilization' (torching) are both repairing and creating leaks in an attempt to keep the circle going (see Roshizawa and Hird, 2019). The underlying narrative of CE is that of a market where demand and supply harmonize.…”

Section: Step 3: Making Biogasmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Such processes concern, for example, how waste is sorted and classified as a resource vs 'still rubbish' (e.g. Lucas, 2002;Roshizawa and Hird, 2019). Food waste has always been a matter of societal concern due to its symbolic relation to dirt and disgust.…”

Section: Food Waste In the Circular Economymentioning

confidence: 99%

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The circular economy of food waste: Transforming waste to energy through ‘make-up’ work

Holmberg

Ideland

2021

Journal of Material Culture

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This article unpacks the neat straightforwardness of the ‘waste regime’ of the circular economy of food waste and its main idea: ‘waste as resource’. It explores the making of circularity by paying detailed attention to what is conceptualized as ‘make-up’ work, i.e. how interruptions and leaks along waste flows are handled in practice. Make-up work capitalizes on its double meaning. First, it highlights the covering of cracks needed in order to transform waste to energy. Second, make-up work pinpoints that the neatness of circularity is far from a straightforward technical system, but is continuously made. Through an interview-based study in Sweden, the article illuminates three steps of transformation of food waste into the commodity of biogas, analysing the material and cultural transformations, showing that the micro-management of preventing such interruptions is crucial. Problems such as lack of or misfit material, difficulties in sorting the substrate effectively, over/underproduction of gas and the political decisions steering the conditions for supply and demand are equally crucial and pose the threat that the production will be viewed as inefficient. Based on these results, the article emphasizes the need to problematize the paradigm of the circular economy and the zero-waste regime, on the one hand, and to recognize the work involved in striving for a sustainable society, on the other.

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“…Since the placenta is also born with the fetus, despite the ethical limitations, there is abundant human data available on the placenta [50], including knowledge about ABC transporters. Several ABC transporters are found in the apical (maternal side) and basolateral (fetal side) membranes of the syncytiotrophoblast, and they are responsible for bidirectional transport [13].…”

Section: Placental Abc Transportersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Expression and Function of Placental and Intestinal P-gp and BCRP Transporters during Pregnancy

Szatmári,

Ducza

2023

IJMS

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ABC transporters are ubiquitous in the human body and are responsible for the efflux of drugs. They are present in the placenta, intestine, liver and kidney, which are the major organs that can affect the pharmacokinetic and pharmacologic properties of drugs. P-gp and BCRP transporters are the best-characterized transporters in the ABC superfamily, and they have a pivotal role in the barrier tissues due to their efflux mechanism. Moreover, during pregnancy, drug efflux is even more important because of the developing fetus. Recent studies have shown that placental and intestinal ABC transporters have great importance in drug absorption and distribution. Placental and intestinal P-gp and BCRP show gestational-age-dependent expression changes, which determine the drug concentration both in the mother and the fetus during pregnancy. They may have an impact on the efficacy of antibiotic, antiviral, antihistamine, antiemetic and oral antidiabetic therapies. In this review, we would like to provide an overview of the pharmacokinetically relevant expression alterations of placental and intestinal ABC transporters during pregnancy.

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Schrödinger’s placenta: Determining placentas as not/waste

Cited by 7 publications

References 70 publications

Pregnancy remains, infant remains, or the corpse of a child? The incoherent governance of the dead foetal body in England

Pregnancy remains, infant remains, or the corpse of a child? The incoherent governance of the dead foetal body in England

The circular economy of food waste: Transforming waste to energy through ‘make-up’ work

Changes in Expression and Function of Placental and Intestinal P-gp and BCRP Transporters during Pregnancy

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