Schwannoma as Extraspinal Swelling Over the Thoracolumbar Region: A Tumor at a Rare Site

Abstract

This case report describes an unusual presentation of schwannoma, a typically benign and solitary tumor originating from Schwann cells in peripheral nerves. While the literature on extraspinal schwannomas is limited, this report discusses the case of a 21-year-old female with complaint of a back swelling persisting for two years, causing discomfort during sleep. The oval-shaped swelling, measuring 7x6 cm, was located over the T11-T12-L1 vertebrae, with normal overlying skin, pinchable hardness, and fixation to the vertebrae. The patient had no history of pain or weakness in the lower limbs. Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) yielded inconclusive results. X-ray imaging of the thoracolumbar spine revealed a soft tissue shadow over the T11-T12-L1 vertebrae. The patient underwent complete surgical excision through a vertical incision, emphasizing the importance of preoperative imaging for accurate diagnosis, optimal surgical planning, and ensuring procedural safety.