Sciatic nerve tumor and tumor-like lesions—uncommon pathologies

Wadhwa, Vibhor; Thakkar, Rashmi S.; Maragakis, Nicholas J.; Höke, Ahmet; Sumner, Charlotte J.; Lloyd, Thomas E.; Carrino, John A.; Belzberg, Allan J.; Chhabra, Avneesh

doi:10.1007/s00256-012-1384-7

Cited by 53 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…They proposed that this could be explained anatomically as the sigmoid "protects" the left sacral plexus. However, when we used the same methodology, reviewed all cases they referenced, and added all cases published until the time of writing (47 new cases), 13,16,21,23,26,28,29,31,32,34,35,38,42,43,45,49,50,[53][54][55] we could not confirm their finding-there was no statistically significant difference between the left and right side. We acknowledge other possible explanations such as lymphatic or hematogenous spread, but none of these theories would explain a continuous band of EM extending from the uterus to the LSP as seen in the imaging evidence presented here.…”

Section: Limitationscontrasting

confidence: 37%

Magnetic resonance imaging evidence for perineural spread of endometriosis to the lumbosacral plexus: report of 2 cases

Sousa¹,

Capek

Howe

et al. 2015

FOC

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Sciatic nerve endometriosis (EM) is a rare presentation of retroperitoneal EM. The authors present 2 cases of catamenial sciatica diagnosed as sciatic nerve EM. They propose that both cases can be explained by perineural spread of EM from the uterus to the sacral plexus along the pelvic autonomie nerves and then further distally to the sciatic nerve or proximally to the spinal nerves. This explanation is supported by MRI evidence in both cases. As a proof of concept, the authors retrieved and analyzed the original MRI studies of a case reported in the literature and found a similar pattern of spread. They believe that the imaging evidence of their institutional cases together with the outside case is a very compelling indication for perineural spread as a mechanism of EM of the nerve.

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Section: Limitationscontrasting

confidence: 37%

Magnetic resonance imaging evidence for perineural spread of endometriosis to the lumbosacral plexus: report of 2 cases

Sousa¹,

Capek

Howe

et al. 2015

FOC

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“…Fifty four percent (54%, n 5 7) of 13 CNS cases were indeed of the cauda equina and/or conus medullaris and two of three brain EM cases were superficial. (Guiot et al, 1965) 1 Sciatic n. n/a n/a P No (Head et al, 1962) (Volpi et al, 2005) 1 Sciatic n. R Extra P,W,S Yes (Wadhwa et al, 2012) 1 Sciatic n. L Intra-Extra P,W n/a (Waer et al, 2012) 1 Obturator n. R Intra-Extra P,W,S n/a (Yao et al, 2014) 1 Sciatic n., sup gluteal n.…”

Section: Perineural Spread Theory -Anatomic Explanationmentioning

confidence: 95%

Neural involvement in endometriosis: Review of anatomic distribution and mechanisms

et al. 2015

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Endometriosis (EM) is an infrequent cause of peripheral neuropathy, most commonly sciatic. Perineural spread has recently been introduced as an alternate explanation for cases of lumbosacral or sciatic nerve EM. We performed a literature review to collect all reported cases of peripheral and central nervous system EM in search of anatomic patterns of involvement; potentially to support the perineural spread theory. If available, intraneural invasion and presence of peritoneal EM were recorded. The search revealed 83 articles describing 365 cases of somatic peripheral nervous EM and 13 cases of central nervous EM. The most frequently involved site was the sacral plexus (57%, n = 211), followed by the sciatic nerve (39%, n = 140). Other nerves were reported in significantly smaller numbers. Ninety seven percent (97%, n = 355) of peripheral nerve cases presented with pain, 20% (n = 72) reported weakness and 31% (n = 114), numbness. Thirty four percent (34%, n = 38) had solely intraneural EM of which 89% (n = 33) had no peritoneal EM (percentage based on available information). In the central nervous system, the conus medullaris and/or cauda equina constituted the majority of cases with 54% (n = 7). Apart from perineural spread, other discussed mechanisms include retrograde menstruation with peritoneal seeding, hematogenous and lymphogenous spread, stem cell implantation either hematogenously or via retrograde menstruation with subsequent EM differentiation, and coelomic or Müllerian duct metaplasia. We believe this literature review supports perineural spread as an alternate mechanism for EM of nerve, particularly the subgroup with intraneural EM and without peritoneal disease.

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“…24.45 ). There is interfascicular fatty infi ltration as well as demyelinization and atrophy of the fascicles, and nerves may enhance [ 77 ].…”

Section: Charcot-marie-tooth Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Neuromuscular Diseases

Miller¹,

Wilson²

2014

Pediatric Orthopedic Imaging

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This chapter addresses neuromuscular disorders of the brain/upper motor neuron (cerebral palsy) and spinal cord/lower motor neuron (myelomeningocele, spinal muscular atrophy, spinal cord injury, and poliomyelitis). It then addresses Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, an example of a disorder affecting the peripheral nerves. Muscular diseases are then discussed, such as Duchenne muscular dystrophy, myotonic disorders, and dermatomyositis. The chapter concludes with Friedrich ataxia and complex regional pain syndrome type 1. Imaging modalities and issues for each condition are considered by anatomic region, with focus on the manifestations and sequelae of common pathophysiologic processes. Neuromuscular diseases encompass a large group of conditions affecting muscles and the nerves that control them; they can occur in utero or develop at any time from infancy through adulthood. Localizing the lesion to the brain/upper motor nerve, spinal cord/motor nerve, peripheral nerve, and muscle is essential to narrow the differential diagnosis. The type of weakness and the presence of increased muscle tone or bulk, Babinski sign, hypotonia, and delayed motor skills help determine whether the disorder is peripheral or centrally mediated. In either case, respiratory and cardiac complications, along with

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Sciatic nerve tumor and tumor-like lesions—uncommon pathologies

Cited by 53 publications

References 50 publications

Magnetic resonance imaging evidence for perineural spread of endometriosis to the lumbosacral plexus: report of 2 cases

Magnetic resonance imaging evidence for perineural spread of endometriosis to the lumbosacral plexus: report of 2 cases

Neural involvement in endometriosis: Review of anatomic distribution and mechanisms

Neuromuscular Diseases

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