Science and claims of the arena of food bioactives: comparison of drugs, nutrients, supplements, and nutraceuticals

Visioli, Francesco

doi:10.1039/d2fo02593k

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…As mentioned, nitric oxide synthesis can be modulated by dietary factors [ 101 ]. Many constituents of plants and, hence, plant-based diets are non-nutritional compounds that play key roles in plant physiology and interactions with the environment [ 102 , 103 ]. The most actively studied minor components are (poly)phenols, which have been long investigated for their supposed antioxidant activities.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant-Based Diets Reduce Blood Pressure: A Systematic Review of Recent Evidence

Tomé‐Carneiro

Visioli

2023

Curr Hypertens Rep

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Purpose of Review Accumulating data on the consumption of plant-based diets and their impact on blood pressure indicate a consensus that plant-based diets are linked to reduced blood pressure. The suggested mechanisms of action are manifold, and, in this systematic review, we provide a summary of the most recent findings on plant-based diets and their impact on blood pressure, along with an analysis of the molecules accountable for the observed effects. Recent Findings The overwhelming majority of intervention studies demonstrate that plant-based diets result in lower blood pressure readings when compared to diets that are based on animal products. The various mechanisms of action are being clarified. Summary The data discussed in this systematic review allow us to conclude that plant-based diets are associated with lower blood pressure and overall better health outcomes (namely, on the cardiovascular system) when compared to animal-based diets. The mechanisms of action are being actively investigated and involve many macro- and micronutrients plentiful in plants and the dishes prepared with them.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant-Based Diets Reduce Blood Pressure: A Systematic Review of Recent Evidence

Tomé‐Carneiro

Visioli

2023

Curr Hypertens Rep

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“…In the context of human evolution, wild plants are of particular importance as they are at the dynamic interface between food and pharmacology. Plants are not just a simple food, but can also be a type of dietary supplement with hypothesized cardio-and chemopreventive properties (Lu, Friedrich, & Efferth, 2023;Visioli, 2022). Moreover, some plants contain potentially antibacterial products that could theoretically be used in the current search for new antibiotics (Bacchetta et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to pharmaceutical preparations, health food stores in many countries offer products made from or enriched with NP (Visioli, 2022). Examples include coffee based on Cichorium intybus, syrup made from Taraxacum spp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One of the proposed mechanisms of action is that various plants produce biologically active secondary metabolites, many of which are thought to be involved in plant defense mechanisms. From an ethnopharmacological perspective, people have used plants for pharmaceutical reasons (Bacchetta et al, 2016)Today, many active compounds are extracted from plants and formulated and marketed as "nutraceuticals" or "functional foods", often with ambiguous legislation and a "natural" halo effect (Visioli, 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Natural products: call for hard evidence

Visioli

2024

Preprint

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Given the potential of natural products (NPs) for various aspects of human well-being, it is important to involve a variety of stakeholders and disciplines in the investigation of their health-related properties. For this reason, IUPHAR has initiated a project aimed at establishing a science-based registry of NPs and their pharmacological activities, with a view to providing a better understanding of their potential influences on human health. From a pharmacological perspective, it is important to evaluate the effects of selected NPs on important determinants of health such as, e.g. immune response and inflammation (among others). IUPHAR calls for a concerted effort and asks stakeholders to contribute to this project.

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“…[11] Further, excessive olive oil use could alter lipid metabolism in humans. [12] Given the impracticality of using humans for long-term supplementation studies focused on atherosclerosis, [13] most research is carried with rodents. However, even though most of the basic molecular mechanisms of lipid metabolism are conserved in mammals, some noticeable differences occur between species, calling for caution in the interpretation of animal data on lipid metabolism.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydroxytyrosol Induces Dyslipidemia in an ApoB100 Humanized Mouse Model

López de las Hazas,

del Saz‐Lara,

Cedó

et al. 2023

Molecular Nutrition Food Res

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ScopeExtra virgin olive oil has numerous cardiopreventive effects, largely due to its high content of (poly)phenols such as hydroxytyrosol (HT). However, some animal studies suggest that its excessive consumption may alter systemic lipoprotein metabolism. Because human lipoprotein metabolism differs from that of rodents, this study examines the effects of HT in a humanized mouse model that approximates human lipoprotein metabolism.Methods and resultsMice are treated as follows: control diet or diet enriched with HT. Serum lipids and lipoproteins are determined after 4 and 8 weeks. We also analyzed the regulation of various genes and miRNA by HT, using microarrays and bioinformatic analysis.An increase in body weight is found after supplementation with HT, although food intake was similar in both groups. In addition, HT induced the accumulation of triacylglycerols but not cholesterol in different tissues. Systemic dyslipidemia after HT supplementation and impaired glucose metabolism are observed. Finally, HT modulates the expression of genes related to lipid metabolism, such as Pltp or Lpl.ConclusionHT supplementation induces systemic dyslipidemia and impaired glucose metabolism in humanized mice. Although the numerous health‐promoting effects of HT far outweigh these potential adverse effects, further carefully conducted studies are needed.

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Science and claims of the arena of food bioactives: comparison of drugs, nutrients, supplements, and nutraceuticals

Abstract: The scientific community and the lay press are participating in a heated debate over the usefulness of food bioactives when used as dietary supplements. This debate often ignores hard scientific...

Cited by 11 publications

References 38 publications

Plant-Based Diets Reduce Blood Pressure: A Systematic Review of Recent Evidence

Plant-Based Diets Reduce Blood Pressure: A Systematic Review of Recent Evidence

Natural products: call for hard evidence

Hydroxytyrosol Induces Dyslipidemia in an ApoB100 Humanized Mouse Model

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