Science and technology of 3D magnetic nanostructures

Ladak, Sam; Fernández-Pacheco, Amalio; Fischer, Peter

doi:10.1063/5.0136801

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…We simulated 2 × 2 × 1 unit cells and applied PBCs (PBC 6 × 6 × 12). The sample was discretized into 160 × 160 × 128 cells with a volume of 6.3 × 6.3 × 5.5 nm 3 . Figure 5a shows the normalized spectrum (simulated power spectral density).…”

Section: Microscopic Nature Of Bulk Magnon Modesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The field of 3D nanomagnetism has gathered significant attention in recent years. [1][2][3] Novel physical phenomena have been found in this field based on curvature-induced effects, [4][5][6] non-collinear spin textures including Bloch points, [7] and vortex domain walls, [8] as well as fascinating spin dynamics. [9,10] DOI: 10.1002/adma.202303292 Moreover, the 3D architecture brings advanced functionalities for spintronic and magnonic devices.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Realization and Control of Bulk and Surface Modes in 3D Nanomagnonic Networks by Additive Manufacturing of Ferromagnets

Guo,

Deenen,

et al. 2023

Advanced Materials

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The high‐density integration in information technology fuels the research on functional 3D nanodevices. Particularly ferromagnets promise multifunctional 3D devices for nonvolatile data storage, high‐speed data processing, and non‐charge‐based logic operations via spintronics and magnonics concepts. However, 3D nanofabrication of ferromagnets is extremely challenging. In this work, an additive manufacturing methodology is reported, and unprecedented 3D ferromagnetic nanonetworks with a woodpile‐structure unit cell are fabricated. The collective spin dynamics (magnons) at frequencies up to 25 GHz are investigated by Brillouin Light Scattering (BLS) microscopy and micromagnetic simulations. A clear discrepancy of about 10 GHz is found between the bulk and surface modes, which are engineered by different unit cell sizes in the Ni‐based nanonetworks. The angle‐ and spatially‐dependent modes demonstrate opportunities for multi‐frequency signal processing in 3D circuits via magnons. The developed synthesis route will allow one to create 3D magnonic crystals with chiral unit cells, which are a prerequisite toward surface modes with topologically protected properties.

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Section: Microscopic Nature Of Bulk Magnon Modesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Realization and Control of Bulk and Surface Modes in 3D Nanomagnonic Networks by Additive Manufacturing of Ferromagnets

Guo,

Deenen,

et al. 2023

Advanced Materials

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“…One promising direction is the growing range of 3D nanomagnetic systems 21,22 . Recent technological advances enable sophisticated fabrication and characterisation of 3D magnetic nanostructures, but questions remain on how to precisely control such systems.…”

Section: /22mentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrastrong Magnon-Magnon Coupling and Chiral Symmetry Breaking in a 3D Magnonic Metamaterial

Dion,

Stenning,

Vanstone

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Strongly-interacting nanomagnetic arrays are ideal systems for exploring the frontiers of magnonic control. They provide functional reconfigurable platforms and attractive technological solutions across storage, GHz communications and neuromorphic computing. Typically, these systems are primarily constrained by their range of accessible states and the strength of magnon coupling phenomena. Increasingly, magnetic nanostructures have explored the benefits of expanding into three dimensions. This has broadened the horizons of magnetic microstate spaces and functional behaviours, but precise control of 3D states and dynamics remains challenging. Here, we introduce a 3D magnonic metamaterial, compatible with widely-available fabrication and characterisation techniques. By combining independently-programmable artificial spin-systems strongly coupled in the $\hat{z}$-plane, we construct a reconfigurable 3D metamaterial with an exceptionally high $16^N$ microstate space and intense static and dynamic magnetic coupling. The system exhibits a broad range of emergent phenomena driven by high-intensity inter-layer dipolar interaction, including ultrastrong magnon-magnon coupling with normalised coupling rates of $\frac{\Delta \omega}{\gamma} = 0.57$ and magnon-magnon cooperativity up to $C = 126.4$, GHz mode shifts in zero applied field and chirality-selective magneto-toroidal microstate programming and corresponding magnonic spectral control.

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“…The idea behind these structures is to exploit the ASI elements to imprint a nonuniform magnetization in the film to alter and control SW propagation along it. Intensive theoretical and experimental studies are being done on these special structures, with special relevance to the vertical coupling [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic Footprints of the Specific Artificial Spin Ice Microstate on Its Spin Waves

Micaletti,

Montoncello

2023

Magnetochemistry

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We present a micromagnetic investigation of the spin dynamics at remanence (zero applied field) in a periodic square artificial spin ice (ASI) prepared four different microstates (i.e., with zero, two or four magnetic charges at the vertex). The ASI elements consist of permalloy elliptical dots with a fixed long axis, and a variable width and interdot separation. For each vertex configuration, we compute the equilibrium ground state at zero applied field by relaxing a previously set magnetic configuration (microstate). After the excitation of such ground state, we perform a Fourier analysis obtaining frequency spectra and space phase profiles. We discuss the behavior of the spectra in changing the system’s microstate and geometry, with reference to the spin mode space profiles, magnetization configuration, and effective internal field. Our results draw a correlation between ASI macrospin orientation at vertex and a few important dynamic properties like a phase-shift in the mode profiles or the frequency gap between the edge and fundamental modes. We suggest a few specific experiments to validate of our predictions, as well as applications in the field of interferometric magnonic devices. We believe that our results can help, from the fabrication stage, in tailoring the appropriate ASI geometry for specific application purposes.

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Science and technology of 3D magnetic nanostructures

Cited by 7 publications

References 65 publications

Realization and Control of Bulk and Surface Modes in 3D Nanomagnonic Networks by Additive Manufacturing of Ferromagnets

Realization and Control of Bulk and Surface Modes in 3D Nanomagnonic Networks by Additive Manufacturing of Ferromagnets

Ultrastrong Magnon-Magnon Coupling and Chiral Symmetry Breaking in a 3D Magnonic Metamaterial

Dynamic Footprints of the Specific Artificial Spin Ice Microstate on Its Spin Waves

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