Scientific Prerequisites of Optimization of Land Resources

Abstract

The reasons of the degradation of agricultural land, the innovative tasks of optimizing land use and the prospects for scientific support of agricultural environmental management are considered. The necessity of technological agriculture modernization on the base of the adaptive landscape systems development and high-tech agricultural technologies is justified. Further development of adaptive intensification of agriculture and land use is associated with the design of optimal agricultural landscapes (agricultural landscapes, livestock, water, residential and others) in the system of ecological frameworks of the territory integrated with field infrastructure. As a toolkit for landscape design a structural functional landscape analysis is proposed. The Land use regulation, land relations, land market is aimed to the development of government land policy; introduction of a land use control system; limiting the maximum size of land in the property; prohibition to the acquisition of land by foreign citizens in various forms; a progressive increase of land tax on the increase of land area in property; restoration of state land management; the creation of a State Land Service. As the most important condition for optimizing the use of resources and environmental management in general the need to adjust the economic course, the formation of government land policy based on strategic land use planning and the solution of a number of legal, management, organizational, personnel and educational tasks are considered.

Peculiarities of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Use in Crop Production in Russia: A Review

“…This broader term includes not only tools, as found in PA, but also effects such as new crops and intensive varieties, biological crop rotations, flexible management of crop nutrition and protection, minimized soil tillage, and widespread use of biotechnologies. All this, taking into account the results of works [40,[58][59][60][61], allows for a scientifically substantiated answer to the question formulated in Section 2.1 about the possibility of Russian agriculture to double grain production by 2050. The production of 300 million tons of grain per year, which is 2.2 times more than the level in 2022, can be achieved with the use of three agricultural technologies: normal, intensive, and high (precision), in addition to the application of 15 million tons of mineral fertilizers.…”

“…Extensive technology use is currently being restricted due to its negative impact on soil depletion and degradation. In Russia, this has resulted in 44.9 million hectares of unused land across all categories, equivalent to 12% of the total land area in 2019 [55][56][57][58]. In addition, the conversion of land for residential, commercial, and industrial purposes leads to a reduction in arable land.…”

“…The term high (precision) agricultural technologies used in Tables 1 and 2 includes more than precision agriculture (PA) [31][32][33], according to V. Kiryushin [40,56,58]. This broader term includes not only tools, as found in PA, but also effects such as new crops and intensive varieties, biological crop rotations, flexible management of crop nutrition and protection, minimized soil tillage, and widespread use of biotechnologies.…”

Control of productivity of agrocenosis

“…Currently, environmentally friendly land use, bringing agriculture as close to natural analogues as possible, but maintaining high productivity, as well as the development of new farming systems and high-tech agriculture are gaining greater attention [1]. Biological nitrogen and symbiotic, associative and free-living microorganisms have a special place in this concept.…”