Scientific Results of the Swedish-Norwegian Arctic Expedition in the Summer of 1931, Part IV-VIII

Ahlmann, Hans W:son; Eriksson, Backa E.; Rosenbaum, L.; Ångström, Anders

doi:10.2307/519460

Cited by 23 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…inversion, precipitation and redistribution. At elevations below 350 m the snow accumulates in a permanent aggregation wedge (Grabiec et al, 2011;Ahlmann, 1933) 34N, WGS84). The grey shading shows the approximate edge of the ice cap.…”

Section: Field Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Snowdrift modelling for the Vestfonna ice cap, north-eastern Svalbard

et al. 2013

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Abstract. The redistribution of snow by drifting and blowing snow frequently leads to an inhomogeneous snow mass distribution on larger ice caps. Together with the thermodynamic impact of drifting snow sublimation on the lower atmospheric boundary layer, these processes affect the glacier surface mass balance. This study provides a first quantification of snowdrift and sublimation of blowing and drifting snow on the Vestfonna ice cap (Svalbard) by using the specifically designed snow2blow snowdrift model. The model is forced by atmospheric fields from the Polar Weather Research and Forecasting model and resolves processes on a spatial resolution of 250 m. The model is applied to the Vestfonna ice cap for the accumulation period 2008/2009. Comparison with radio-echo soundings and snow-pit measurements show that important local-scale processes are resolved by the model and the overall snow accumulation pattern is reproduced. The findings indicate that there is a significant redistribution of snow mass from the interior of the ice cap to the surrounding areas and ice slopes. Drifting snow sublimation of suspended snow is found to be stronger during spring. It is concluded that the redistribution process is strong enough to have a significant impact on glacier mass balance.

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Section: Field Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The importance of drifting and blowing snow in the European Arctic has early been postulated by Ahlmann (1933). Based on point field measurements in Nordaustlandet, he estimated that at least 1/8 of the total snow accumulation is redistributed by wind.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Snowdrift modelling for the Vestfonna ice cap, north-eastern Svalbard

et al. 2013

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“…To apply these kinds of albedo models on large Arctic ice caps it would be necessary to additionally account for snowdrift influences on a highly resolved scale, as snowdrift frequently disturbs the in-situ developed surface-albedo pattern in these environments. For Vestfonna ice cap, the important role of snowdrift was already noted during early expeditions in the first half of the 20th century (Ahlmann, 1933;Moss, 1938). The frequent occurrence of snowdrift on the ice cap is based on the prevalence of high wind speeds.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 84%

A minimal, statistical model for the surface albedo of Vestfonna ice cap, Svalbard

Möller

2012

The Cryosphere

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Abstract. The ice cap Vestfonna is located in northeastern Svalbard and forms one of the largest ice bodies of the Eurasian Arctic. Its surface albedo plays a key role in the understanding and modelling of its energy and mass balance. The principle governing factors for albedo evolution, i.e. precipitation and air temperature and therewith snow depth and melt duration, were found to vary almost exclusively with terrain elevation throughout the ice cap. Hence, surface albedo can be expected to develop a comparable pattern. A new statistical model is presented that estimates this mean altitudinal albedo profile of the ice cap on the basis of a minimal set of meteorological variables on a monthly resolution. Model calculations are based on a sigmoid function of the artificial quantity rain-snow ratio and a linear function of cumulative snowfall and cumulative positive degree days. Surface albedo fields of the MODIS snow product MOD10A1 from the period March to October in the years 2001-2008 serve as a basis for both calibration and cross-validation of the model. The meteorological model input covers the period September 2000 until October 2008 and is based on ERA-Interim data of a grid point located close to the ice cap. The albedo model shows a good performance. The root mean square error between observed and modelled albedo values along the altitudinal profile is 0.057 ± 0.028 (mean ± one standard deviation). The area weighted mean even reduces to a value of 0.054. Distinctly higher deviations (0.07-0.09) are only present throughout the very lowest and uppermost parts of the ice cap that are either small in area or hardly affected by surface melt. Thus, the new, minimal, statistical albedo model presented in this study is found to reproduce the albedo evolution on Vestfonna ice cap on a high level of accuracy and is thus suggested to be fully suitable for further application in broader energy or mass-balance studies of the ice cap.

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“…Alhamann (1933) considered the thermo-physical character of ice masses as a basis for differentiating glaciers. The glacier is tempered when its ice is at the temperature of fusion.…”

Section: Glacier Classificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Though, these implications are based on changing -and usually difficult to measure -thermo-physical characteristic. Alhamann (1933) faced this problem by introducing the sub-arctic type -later he called it sub-polar -, for glaciers where the seasonal warmth penetrates at a depth significantly greater than the one experienced in summer on polar glaciers and at lesser depth than the temperated type. By the same year, Lagally also recognized this intermediate class of glacier and called it transitional.…”

Section: Glacier Classificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

System Engineering Applied to Fuenmayor Karst Aquifer (San Julián de Banzo, Huesca) and Collins Glacier (King George Island, Antarctica)

Vadillo¹,

Salcedo²,

Oterino³

2014

Springer Theses

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... to my wife, for her devoted support and infinite love ... to my children, to encourage them in the adventure of acquiring and sharing new skills ... to my mother, who instilled me the importance of hard study from early age Resumen L A ingeniería de sistemas, definida generalmente como arte y ciencia de crear soluciones integrales a problemas complejos, se aplica en el presente documento a dos sistemas naturales, a saber, un sistema acuífero kárstico y un sistema glaciar, desde una perspectiva hidrológica. Las técnicas de identificación, desarrolladas típicamente en ingeniería para representar sistemas artificiales por medio de modelos lineales y no lineales, pueden aplicarse en el estudio de los sistemas naturales donde se producen fenómenos de acoplamiento entre el clima y la hidrosfera. Los métodos evolucionan para afrontar nuevos campos de identificación donde se requieren estrategias para encontrar el modelo idóneo adaptado a las peculiaridades del sistema. En este sentido, se han considerado especialmente las herramientas basadas en la transformada wavelet utilizadas en la preparación de series temporales, suavizado de señales, análisis espectral, correlación cruzada y predicción, entre otros. Bajo este enfoque, una aplicación a mencionar entre las tratadas en esta tesis, es la determinación analítica del núcleo efectivo estacional (SEC) a través del estudio de la coherencia wavelet entre temperatura del aire y la descarga del glaciar, que establece un conjunto de períodos de muestreo aceptablemente coherentes, a partir del cual se crearán los modelos del sistema glacial. El estudio está dirigido específicamente a estimar la influencia de la precipitación sobre la descarga del acuífero kárstico de Fuenmayor, en San Julián de Banzo, Huesca, España. De la misma manera, se ocupa de las consecuencias de la temperatura del aire en la fusión del hielo glaciar, que se manifiesta en la corriente de drenaje del glaciar Collins, isla King George, Antártida. En el proceso de identificación paramétrica y no paramétrica se buscan los modelos que mejor representen la dinámica interna del sistema. Eso conduce a pruebas iterativas, donde se van creado modelos que se verifican sistemáticamente con los datos reales del muestreo, de acuerdo a un criterio de eficiencia dado. La solución mejor valorada según los resultados obtenidos en los casos tratados apuntan a estructuras de modelos en bloques.Esta tesis significa una exposición formal de la metodología de identificación de sistemas propios de la ingeniería en el contexto de los sistemas naturales, que mejoran los resultados obtenidos en muchos casos de la hidrología kárstica que comúnmente usaban métodos ad hoc ocasionales de carácter estadístico; así mismo, los enfoques propuestos en los casos de glaciología con el análisis wavelet y los modelos orientados a datos raramente considerados en la literatura, revelan información esencial ante la imposibilidad de precisar la totalidad de la física que rige el sistema. Notables resultados se derivan en la caracterización de...

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Scientific Results of the Swedish-Norwegian Arctic Expedition in the Summer of 1931, Part IV-VIII

Cited by 23 publications

References 1 publication

Snowdrift modelling for the Vestfonna ice cap, north-eastern Svalbard

Snowdrift modelling for the Vestfonna ice cap, north-eastern Svalbard

A minimal, statistical model for the surface albedo of Vestfonna ice cap, Svalbard

System Engineering Applied to Fuenmayor Karst Aquifer (San Julián de Banzo, Huesca) and Collins Glacier (King George Island, Antarctica)

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