Scintigraphic pattern of planar gallium scan in wound infection after colorectal surgery

Tsai, Shih‐Chuan; Chao, Te-Hsin; Lin, Wan‐Yu; Wang, S.-J.

doi:10.1007/s00261-001-0075-y

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…The purpose of the study was to develop a small animal model of soft tissue infection without mortality which mimicked the clinical condition in humans. Gallium imaging has been used for decades to detect infection clinically [3,5,10,13,14,23]. As gallium binds to transferrin, leukocyte lactoferrin, bacterial siderophores and inflammatory proteins, it can be used to localize foci of infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Gallium-67 citrate (gallium) scan and leukocyte scan are the two most common techniques used in nuclear medicine departments but at least 48 hr is required to obtain the final results of the gallium scan , which is a major drawback in its use for the detection of infection. In addition, significant physiological bowel activity in the gallium image becomes an obstacle when applied to patients with suspected intra-abdominal infection [3,5,10,13,14,23]. Labeled leukocytes provide more accurate and quicker diagnosis than gallium imaging but In-111 is not available in many countries, Tc-99m HMPAO labeling of leukocytes is expensive and time consuming, and Tc-99m HMPAO scan may also show intense physiologic bowel activity.…”

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Comparison of Animal Models with Soft Tissue Infection by Different Bacilli

Lin

Tsai²,

Hung

et al. 2005

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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ABSTRACT. In clinical medicine improved diagnostic methods for the detection of infection are needed. A good infectious animal model is very important for the development of a new diagnostic method or drug. The purpose of this study was to establish a good animal model with soft tissue infection. Twenty-four SD rats were divided into four groups (6 in each group). Various bacilli including Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), Streptococcus pneumoniae (S. pneumoniae), and Escherichia coli (E. coli) were injected intramuscularly into the left caudal thighs of three groups of rats to create soft tissue infection. In addition, normal saline was injected into the left caudal thighs of ten rats which were used as controls. Before and 48 hr after inoculation of the bacilli, a blood sample (0.5 ml) was taken from each rat and analyzed to determine the white blood cell count and differentiated cell count. In addition, 48 hr after the inoculation, 0.2 mCi of gallium-67 was injected via the tail vein. Gallium scan was performed at 24 hr and 48 hr after administration of the radiotracer. The dorsal view of both hind legs was imaged and analyzed by computers to calculate the lesion-to-normal (L/N) ratio. After imaging, all rats were sacrificed and specimens from portions of the infected thigh muscle were sent for histopathologic investigation to confirm the infection. The increase in both the WBC counts and the segmented polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) were most significant in the S. aureus group, followed by the S. pneumoniae group, E. coli group and normal control groups. The rats with S. aureus infection had significant gallium uptake at the site of infection and the highest L/N ratio of 2.14 on the 24-hr image and 2.0 on the 48-hr image. The rats with S. pneumoniae had the second highest L/N ratio (1.41 at 24 hr, and 1.48 at 48 hr). The L/N ratio for the E. coli group was 1.27 at 24 hr and 1.35 at 48 hr. No obviously abnormal gallium uptake was demonstrated in the normal controls. We conclude that all three bacilli induced a soft tissue infection in SD rats. S. aureus resulted in the most significant infectious signs. Since a major consideration in the treatment of patients with focal infection is drainage, prompt identification of the site of involvement is extremely important. Early in the evolution of an inflammatory lesion, before formation of an abscess, radiological methods such as plain x-ray, computed tomography and ultrasound cannot readily localize the area of involvement. In addition, in a case with unknown fever, a whole body survey is always needed to locate the infectious source. Radionuclide techniques allow for early diagnosis of infection as well as whole body scanning, and are widely used in the detection of infection in patients with unknown fever. Gallium-67 citrate (gallium) scan and leukocyte scan are the two most common techniques used in nuclear medicine departments but at least 48 hr is required to obtain the final results of the gallium scan , which is a major drawback in its use for the detec...

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