Scleractinian coral cell proliferation is reduced in primary culture of suspended multicellular aggregates compared to polyps

Lecointe, Agathe; Cohen, Stephanie; Gèze, Marc; Djédiat, Chakib; Meibom, Anders; Domart‐Coulon, Isabelle

doi:10.1007/s10616-013-9562-6

Cited by 27 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Additional influx of cells to these tissue layers from the gastrodermis is also possible, as this epithelium is the second most proliferative tissue in the primary polyp. These results are consistent with our earlier findings in another scleractinian species, in which the pse (including the pharynx area) was also observed to be the most proliferative tissue in adult polyps, followed by the gastrodermis [8]. Spatial patterns of cell division observed in S. pistillata are similar to patterns reported for another anthozoan, the sea anemone Nematostella vectensis, where scattered cell division is observed along the entire body, with a hotspot of DNA synthesis identified in the pharynx [19,24].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…At the end of the BrdU pulse or the chase, samples were fixed overnight at 48C and prepared for serial sectioning following procedures detailed by Lecointe et al [8]. Unicryl (EMS)-embedded samples were cut into semi-thin sections (1 mm thick) with a 358 diamond knife (Diatome) on an Ultracut microtome, at the MNHN PtME platform of electron microscopy (Paris).…”

Section: (C) Serial Tissue Sectioningmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, it was shown that colonies undergo apoptotic death in response to increased temperature and reduced pH [4,5], or changes in proliferation during disease and lesion repair [6,7]. Baseline levels of coral and dinoflagellate cell proliferation were recently experimentally determined at tissue scale in polyps from adult Pocillopora damicornis coral colonies, pulse-labelled for 24 h with BrdU [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cell proliferation and migration during early development of a symbiotic scleractinian coral

et al. 2016

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In scleractinian reef-building corals, patterns of cell self-renewal, migration and death remain virtually unknown, limiting our understanding of cellular mechanisms underlying initiation of calcification, and ontogenesis of the endosymbiotic dinoflagellate relationship. In this study, we pulse-labelled the coral Stylophora pistillata for 24 h with BrdU at four life stages (planula, early metamorphosis, primary polyp and adult colony) to investigate coral and endosymbiont cell proliferation during development, while simultaneously recording TUNEL-positive (i.e. apoptotic) nuclei. In the primary polyp, the fate of BrdU-labelled cells was tracked during a 3-day chase. The pharynx and gastrodermis were identified as the most proliferative tissues in the developing polyp, and BrdU-labelled cells accumulated in the surface pseudostratified epithelium and the skeletogenic calicodermis during the chase, revealing cell migration to these epithelia. Surprisingly, the lowest cell turnover was recorded in the calicodermis at all stages, despite active, ongoing skeletal deposition. In dinoflagellate symbionts, DNA synthesis was systematically higher than coral host gastrodermis, especially in planula and early metamorphosis. The symbiont to host cell ratio remained constant, however, indicating successive post-mitotic control mechanisms by the host of its dinoflagellate density in early life stages, increasingly shifting to apoptosis in the growing primary polyp.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: (C) Serial Tissue Sectioningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cell proliferation and migration during early development of a symbiotic scleractinian coral

et al. 2016

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“…Furthermore, septate junctions provide structural strength and a barrier to the diffusion of solutes through the intercellular space in vertebrate and invertebrate tissues and can thus potentially seal the calcifying fluid against seawater in corals (Ganot et al, 2014). A further indication that the paracellular exchange should be minimal is given by the fact that calicoblastic epithelium cells show lower proliferation rates (Lecointe et al, 2013) and therefore grow longer than cells of other coral epithelia (Allemand et al, 2004). Elongation of calicoblastic epithelium cells produces a lower areal fraction of the cell-to-cell boundaries that would be prone to the leakage of ions.…”

Section: Figure 4 | Calcification Response Of the Four Hypotheses Tomentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying the relative importance of transcellular and paracellular ion transports to coral polyp calcification

Hohn

Merico

2015

Front. Earth Sci.

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Ocean acidification due to rising atmospheric pCO 2 slows down coral calcification and impedes reef formation, with deleterious consequences for the diversity of reef ecosystems. Such interactions contrast with the capacity of corals to actively regulate the chemical composition of the calcifying fluid where calcification occurs. This regulation involves the active transport of calcium, bicarbonate, and hydrogen ions through epithelium cells, the transcellular pathway. Ions can also passively diffuse through intercellular spaces via the paracellular pathway, which directly exposes the calcifying fluid to changes in ocean chemistry. Although evidence exists for both pathways, their relative contribution to coral calcification remains unknown. Here we use a mathematical model to test the plausibility of different calcification mechanisms also in relation to ocean acidification. We find that the paracellular pathway generates an efflux of calcium and carbonate from the calcifying fluid, causing a leakage of ions that counteracts the concentration gradients maintained by the transcellular pathway. Increasing ocean acidity exacerbates this carbonate leakage and reduces the ability of corals to accrete calcium carbonate.

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“…They are the sister group to bilaterians, and therefore represent an important branch for our understanding of bilaterian evolution 6 , 7 . Cnidarians, and in particular scleractinian corals, are also critically important for ocean biodiversity and health 8 , 9 . However, much about the cell biology of anthozoans is still unknown 10 , 11 , in part due to there being no reliable cell culture method established 12 – 14 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel methods to establish whole-body primary cell cultures for the cnidarians Nematostella vectensis and Pocillopora damicornis

Nowotny

Connelly

Traylor-Knowles

2021

Sci Rep

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Cnidarians are emerging model organisms for cell and molecular biology research. However, successful cell culture development has been challenging due to incomplete tissue dissociation and contamination. In this report, we developed and tested several different methodologies to culture primary cells from all tissues of two species of Cnidaria: Nematostella vectensis and Pocillopora damicornis. In over 170 replicated cell cultures, we demonstrate that physical dissociation was the most successful method for viable and diverse N. vectensis cells while antibiotic-assisted dissociation was most successful for viable and diverse P. damicornis cells. We also demonstrate that a rigorous antibiotic pretreatment results in less initial contamination in cell cultures. Primary cultures of both species averaged 12–13 days of viability, showed proliferation, and maintained high cell diversity including cnidocytes, nematosomes, putative gastrodermal, and epidermal cells. Overall, this work will contribute a needed tool for furthering functional cell biology experiments in Cnidaria.

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Scleractinian coral cell proliferation is reduced in primary culture of suspended multicellular aggregates compared to polyps

Cited by 27 publications

References 37 publications

Cell proliferation and migration during early development of a symbiotic scleractinian coral

Cell proliferation and migration during early development of a symbiotic scleractinian coral

Quantifying the relative importance of transcellular and paracellular ion transports to coral polyp calcification

Novel methods to establish whole-body primary cell cultures for the cnidarians Nematostella vectensis and Pocillopora damicornis

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