Scolionema sanshin sp. n., a new species (Hydrozoa, Limnomedusae, Olindiidae) from the Ryukyu Archipelago, southern Japan

Toshino, Sho

doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4344.2.4

Cited by 761 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Other hydrozoans that asexually reproduce in the medusa stage include Rathkea octopunctata (M. Sars, 1835) (Berrill 1952), Corymorpha gemmifera (Bouillon, 1978) (Kawamura & Kubota 2005), Podocorynoides minima (Trinci, 1903) (Uchida & Sugiura 1977, Chaplygina & Dautova 2005, Proboscidactyla ornata (McCrady, 1859) (Uchida & Sugiura 1975, Kawamura & Kubota 2008, Climacocodon ikarii Uchida, 1924 (Kubota 1993), Eucheilota paradoxica Mayer, 1900 (Carré & Carré 1990), Sugiura chengshanense (Ling, 1937) (Sugiura 1973), and Aequorea macrodactyla (Brandt, 1835) (Stretch & King 1980). In the polyp stage of members of the genus Scolionema, S. suvaense and Scolionema sanshin Toshino, 2017 (Toshino 2017) can asexually produce not only medusae but also frustules. Other limnomedusan species that can produce frustules in the polyp stage include Craspedacusta sowerbii Lankester, 1880 (Matthews 1966) and Gonionemus vertens A. Agassiz, 1862 (Uchida 1976).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of temperature on the reproduction type of <i>Scolionema suvaense</i> living on seaweed and seagrass

Kayashima

Tanabe

Kakihara

et al. 2019

Plankton Benthos Res

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Scolionema suvaense is a medusa belonging to the order Limnomedusae, and commonly lives on seaweed and seagrass. The benthic polyp and planktonic medusa are both stages of the life cycle of S. suvaense. Most of the planulae produced by sexual reproduction by the medusae do not metamorphose into polyps but to motile frustules moving to the bottom, which then metamorphose into polyps. The polyps can asexually produce not only medusae but also motile frustules. At a low temperature (15°C), polyps mostly asexually produce frustules. Extension of the habitat area by motile frustules is suggested to occur during winter and early spring when the temperatures are low. With increasing temperature, the reproduction type of S. suvaense polyps changes to asexual production of medusae. In the medusa stage, S. suvaense can reproduce both sexually and asexually. The relative percentages of asexually-reproducing medusae vs. sexually-reproducing medusae were highest at 20°C. This coincides with the highest abundance recorded for S. suvaense medusae, which showed an abrupt increase between May and June. Moreover, with increasing temperature (over 25°C), the reproductive mode of S. suvaense medusae changes from asexual to sexual, and asexually reproducing medusae are not observed at such high temperatures. Changes in the reproduction type and fluctuations in the subsequent population dynamics of S. suvaense depend on the in situ temperatures.

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