Scoliosis assessment tools to reduce follow-up X-rays

Grünwald, Alexander T.D.; Roy, Susmita; Lampe, Renée

doi:10.1016/j.jot.2022.07.010

Cited by 6 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…In polar coordinates it is possible to sort the scattered data in terms of polar angle, which makes it easier to handle and represent the data properly. In principle, using a graphical user interface (GUI) [9] and following the present procedure, physicians can analyze and quantify the complete region, as well as any section of a slice (figure 2(a)), very precisely and in detail by choosing the corresponding 'region of interest'. Additionally, the present method can quantify the rib hump (S3 in figure 3), considering the back part of the slices, similar to surface topography methods.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, specific points and characteristics of the ellipse (like focii, eccentricity, major-minor axes), or their relations might be helpful later on to correlate them with the vertebral bodies positions inside the slice. This is expected to be achieved with the inclusion of the model of rib-cage into the 3D torso scan [5,9,10] and need to be verified on available CT data [6].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A new computational approach for scoliosis assessment from a non-invasive body scanner

Roy

Grünwald

Lampe

2023

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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Idiopathic scoliosis is a three-dimensional deformity of the vertebral column and one of the common pediatric spinal diseases, while neuromuscular scoliosis is often associated with cerebral palsy. Especially during periods of growth, there is a high risk of progression of scoliosis. Thus, frequent clinical monitoring is important for proper treatment. X-rays are the Gold standard and the most commonly used method for follow-up of scoliosis. The spinal curvatures are measured by the Cobb angles from x-rays. Patients with scoliosis therefore accumulate higher ionizing radiation doses from repetitive x-rays over their life span. Hence, reducing exposure to ionizing radiation is an important consideration in the follow-up of adolescent scoliosis. For that purpose a body scanner system is proposed, in particular, for complementary diagnostics in children and adolescents with cerebral palsy. The system is non-invasive, free of ionizing radiation and provides three-dimensional scan images of the human torso. In this study, two intermediate steps are described that are useful for the development of analysis methods of the scan images. Two-dimensional transverse cross sections of the torso can be extracted from a scan image along the vertical body axis. Here, methods are described that will be useful for the shape analysis of the two-dimensional transverse body contours. Based on mathematical calculations in polar coordinates, the asymmetry between left and right side of the two-dimensional transverse cross sections is captured by a linear fitting of the course of the contour on either side. Further, the two-dimensional transverse contour data are fitted with an ellipse.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new computational approach for scoliosis assessment from a non-invasive body scanner

Roy

Grünwald

Lampe

2023

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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“…The number of subjects or data that participated in the studies varied with the highest being 3240 images and the lowest being 10 patients. Three studies involved a wide age range of individuals (aged between 11 and 86) [20,22,23], and ten studies focused on adolescents and middle-aged individuals (aged between 10 and 30 years old) [18,[24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32], while four studies did not provide the age information of the dataset. Fourteen studies provided the required details of the data included in the investigations, such as the inclusion and exclusion criteria.…”

Section: Data Characteristics and Detailsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spine Deformity Assessment for Scoliosis Diagnostics Utilizing Image Processing Techniques: A Systematic Review

Amran,

Basaruddin,

Ijaz

et al. 2023

Applied Sciences

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Spinal deformity refers to a range of disorders that are defined by anomalous curvature of the spine and may be classified as scoliosis, hypo/hyperlordosis, or hypo/hyperkyphosis. Among these, scoliosis stands out as the most common type of spinal deformity in human beings, and it can be distinguished by abnormal lateral spine curvature accompanied by axial rotation. Accurate identification of spinal deformity is crucial for a person’s diagnosis, and numerous assessment methods have been developed by researchers. Therefore, the present study aims to systematically review the recent works on spinal deformity assessment for scoliosis diagnosis utilizing image processing techniques. To gather relevant studies, a search strategy was conducted on three electronic databases (Scopus, ScienceDirect, and PubMed) between 2012 and 2022 using specific keywords and focusing on scoliosis cases. A total of 17 papers fully satisfied the established criteria and were extensively evaluated. Despite variations in methodological designs across the studies, all reviewed articles obtained quality ratings higher than satisfactory. Various diagnostic approaches have been employed, including artificial intelligence mechanisms, image processing, and scoliosis diagnosis systems. These approaches have the potential to save time and, more significantly, can reduce the incidence of human error. While all assessment methods have potential in scoliosis diagnosis, they possess several limitations that can be ameliorated in forthcoming studies. Therefore, the findings of this study may serve as guidelines for the development of a more accurate spinal deformity assessment method that can aid medical personnel in the real diagnosis of scoliosis.

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“…Further, the locations of the vertebral bodies have been analysed in relation to the patient’s individual transverse body contours and shown together with those of other patients. Although the method presented here was developed based on available CT images from adult patients, these measurements were taken in order to find and evaluate potential trends and characteristics that might be useful for further development of the scoliosis assessment methods that are based on the combination of 3D images from the body scanner and FEM simulations on a self-developed custom biomechanical models [ 15 , 16 ]. These methods have the potential to become an alternative that does not require the use of ionizing radiation in follow-up examinations and could thus reduce the number of X-rays.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of distances and locations of thoracic and lumbar vertebral bodies from CT scans in cases of spinal deformation

Grünwald,

Roy,

Lampe

2024

BMC Med Imaging

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Background Spinal deformations, except for acute injuries, are among the most frequent reasons for visiting an orthopaedic specialist and musculoskeletal treatment in adults and adolescents. Data on the morphology and anatomical structures of the spine are therefore of interest to orthopaedics, physicians, and medical scientists alike, in the broad field from diagnosis to therapy and in research. Methods Along the course of developing supplementary methods that do not require the use of ionizing radiation in the assessment of scoliosis, twenty CT scans from females and males with various severity of spinal deformations and body shape have been analysed with respect to the transverse distances between the vertebral body and the spinous process end tip and the skin, respectively, at thoracic and lumbar vertebral levels. Further, the locations of the vertebral bodies have been analysed in relation to the patient’s individual body shape and shown together with those from other patients by normalization to the area encompassed by the transverse body contour. Results While the transverse distance from the vertebral body to the skin varies between patients, the distances from the vertebral body to the spinous processes end tips tend to be rather similar across different patients of the same gender. Tables list the arithmetic mean distances for all thoracic and lumbar vertebral levels and for different regions upon grouping into mild, medium, and strong spinal deformation and according to the range of spinal deformation. Conclusions The distances, the clustering of the locations of the vertebral bodies as a function of the vertebral level, and the trends therein could in the future be used in context with biomechanical modeling of a patient’s individual spinal deformation in scoliosis assessment using 3D body scanner images during follow-up examinations.

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Scoliosis assessment tools to reduce follow-up X-rays

Cited by 6 publications

References 46 publications

A new computational approach for scoliosis assessment from a non-invasive body scanner

A new computational approach for scoliosis assessment from a non-invasive body scanner

Spine Deformity Assessment for Scoliosis Diagnostics Utilizing Image Processing Techniques: A Systematic Review

Measurement of distances and locations of thoracic and lumbar vertebral bodies from CT scans in cases of spinal deformation

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