Scope insensitivity in contingent valuation of complex environmental amenities

Are There Income Effects on Global Willingness to Pay for Biodiversity Conservation?

“…Sometimes a statistically significant effect is found between individual or household income and WTP (e.g. Bergstrom et al1985;Brouwer and Bateman, 2001;Macmillan et al2001;Veisten et al 2004), whilst sometimes no significant effect is found (Macmillan et al2001;White et al1997). Accordingly, in this study we investigate both the effects of wealth in society, measured by GDP per capita, and household (or personal) income on WTP for biodiversity and habitat conservation.…”

Environmental and Pro-Social Norms: Evidence from 30 Countries

“…In line with Veisten et al (2004), unemployed people are found to have lower preferences for environmental protection. Finally, marital status might influence environmental attitudes as well.…”

“…Wellinformed citizens are more aware of environmental issues and problems and have stronger environmental attitudes, because they are more knowledgeable about the possible damage (Danielson et al, 1995;Torgler and Garcia-Valiñas, 2007). The strength of formal and informal education is also visible in Tables 1 and 2 The economic situation of an individual is also a significant aspect (Whitehead, 1991;Stevens et al, 1994;Blomquist and Whitehead, 1998;Popp, 2001;Witzke and Urfei, 2001;Bulte et al, 2005;Dupont, 2004;Veisten et al, 2004;Hidano et al, 2005). These studies show a positive relationship between income and a preference to contribute to environmental causes.…”

“…Regarding educational issues, the literature shows that formal education 7 has a significant positive influence on environmental willingness to contribute (Blomquist and Whitehead, 1998;Engel and Pötschke, 1998;Witzke and Urfei, 2001;Veisten et al, 2004).…”

Discrimination of the Decision Structure of Suburban Park Users by Environmental Attitudes

“…In general, there are several factors such as age, gender, educational status, income and other socio-economic factors for example, see [1] that affect citizens' environmental attitudes. Other factors, which have been included in previous studies, are related to politics or active participation in environmental organizations or the rural/urban character of the place where a household is located, in references [2][3] Working from another standpoint, sociologists and psychologists have developed various theoretical approaches, such as the Theory of Planned Behaviour in [4] and the Value-Belief Norm Theory in [5], to explain how environmental attitudes affect citizens' behaviours. Thus, most research has evaluated the environmental attitudes of individuals towards political participation in different plans of action; environmental conservation and willingness to pay for the use and conservation of different natural landscapes, see [6][7][8][9][10][11].…”