Scope of Mix-method studies in Pharmacy Practice Research

Saleem, Fahad; Farooqui, Maryam; Khan, Tahir Mehmood

doi:10.5530/ijper.49.2.3

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The majority of the pharmacy related research use methods to quantify phenomena, associations or relationships between variables. Therefore, understanding various statistical procedures employed is important to interpret the findings [ 45 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Peers and lecturers can help those students who have anxiety towards research by helping them understand the learning process. Studies have shown that academic support, academic effort, and self-efficacy are significantly and negatively correlated with research anxiety [ 45 , 54 – 57 ]. However, in this study, self-efficacy did not moderate the effect of the research anxiety.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pharmacy students' anxiety towards research during their undergraduate degree; How to reduce it?

et al. 2017

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ObjectiveTo measure pharmacy students' anxiety towards research and how academic support, academic effort, attitude and self-efficacy influence their research anxiety.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted with undergraduate final year students of pharmacy using a convenient sampling method. A validated self-administered questionnaire was used.ResultsResponse rate for this study was 85.9% (128 students from a population of 149). The participants agreed that they read literature to understand research, but did not attend research-related coursework. Most participants (91.4%) felt that they were under stress while doing research. Almost all participants (97.6%) felt that they were doing very badly during their data analysis or they may fail their research projects. The majority of participants agreed that help from the lecturers' and friends in research give emotional support for their research activities.ConclusionAcademic support for pharmacy students, along with their additional academic effort will improve the students' self-efficacy and reduce research anxiety.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacy students' anxiety towards research during their undergraduate degree; How to reduce it?

et al. 2017

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“…The results were similar with that conducted with other innovations, such as modification of laboratory experiment, [32][33] integration of learning media and multimedia, 6 and the development of learning method, 9 as innovation can bring learning activity more efficient and it was effective to build professional skills. 7,34 Cooperative learning applied by the students to complete the given tasks has also proved to be a good strategy for teaching science, 16 while the implementation of inquiry-based learning, 19 Problem-Based Learning, 35 mini research [36][37] through their tasks have become good strategies for chemistry, pharmacy and other relevant sciences teaching. Stoichiometry topic is one of the challenging subjects to learn in Chemistry.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implementation of Innovative Learning Material to Improve Students Competence on Chemistry

Sinaga¹,

Situmorang²,

Hutabarat³

2019

IJPER

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Background: Improving students competence to provide appropriate knowledge and skills to deal with professional works becomes a challange in education nowdays. Objectives: This research is aimed to develop and implement an inovative learning material to be used as learning media in the teaching and learning activities to improve students' competence on chemistry. Materials and Methods: The procedures consist of the development and standardization of an innovative learning material with tasks instructions, preparation of research instruments of questionnaire and evaluation tests and implementation of an innovative learning material for teaching and learning activities in the class. Relevant contextual examples, laboratory works, students' activities, media and multimedia and hyperlink to trustworthy websites were integrated into a set of chemistry material to achieve innovative learning material. The instruction for students tasks was also included into the learning package to guide the students to achieve learning goal. Results and Conclusion: Set of learning package has been implemented as learning media in the experimental class on the teaching of chemistry. Compared to control class that used the existing textbook, students' performance in the experimental class was higher than that in control class. An innovative leaning package was discovered to be effective to guide the students to learn chemistry independently. The learning facilities integrated in the learning material help the students to understand chemistry concepts easily. The students enthusiastic to learn chemistry and familiar to use scientific documents to complete the given tasks, as well as having improved ability to write and organize their assignments. Innovative learning material has transformed the chemistry teaching and learning practice from lecturer oriented to students oriented.

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“…[3] To conclude, mixed-methods research has a potential to generate more complete and higher quality data in pharmacy practice research. [4] However, equal grasp on both methods is required, and the approach is embedded with numerous challenges which should be duly addressed by the researchers prior to making a decision to use this approach. [5] Mudassir Anwar …”

Section: Mixed-methods Research In Pharmacy Practice and Its Implicatmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mixed-methods research in pharmacy practice and its implications

Anwar¹

2015

Arch Pharma Pract

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Over the years, research in pharmacy has relied on "numbers," be it the experiments conducted in laboratories or clinical data obtained from patients. However, introduction of the comparatively newer field named "pharmacy practice" has proven to be a rebellion in terms of the research methods used to conduct research in this specialized area. The "wordy" qualitative approach has previously been strictly associated with areas such as psychology and sociology, whereas scientific fields like pharmacy mostly used the "scientific methods," otherwise known as a quantitative approach.In recent years, there has been increased use and acceptance of qualitative methods in pharmacy practice research as a single approach or combination with quantitative methods. Mixed-methods research is what it is termed as when both qualitative and quantitative methods are used together in a single piece of research in order to understand a research problem. Both qualitative and quantitative methods have their own sets of strengths and shortcomings, and none of them is ideal, neither combining both approaches is a gateway to perfection. Whereas quantitative methods give you numerical data that can be analyzed statistically in order to make statements about the data, qualitative data give detailed and indepth answer to the research question. Combining the strengths of both methods is likely to improve the quality of research by nullifying the respective pitfalls.As the scope of pharmacy practice research is mostly to improve the overall healthcare scenario of patients and public, studying their behaviors and understanding of healthcare system, medicine policies, diseases, and misconceptions is inevitable which could be achieved more effectively using qualitative approach. Each one of qualitative and quantitative approach has a number of well-established designs, but choosing the best for your research depends on the research question, your personal preference, circumstances, and available resources. [1] Qualitative methods are mostly inductive in nature and are often used to generate a hypothesis or theory whereas quantitative methods which are deductive in nature are used to test the hypothesis or theory and to quantify and measure the variables. [2] There are multiple ways of integrating these methods such as collecting both qualitative and quantitative data concurrently (convergent design), collecting qualitative data first followed by quantitative data (exploratory design) and starting off with quantitative part followed by qualitative part (explanatory design). Again, the choice depends on the research question and your personal preference.The importance of mixed-methods approach in pharmacy practice research cannot be denied in general and particularly in the context of developing countries where the concept of pharmacy practice is still new. Qualitative methods in such settings could be used to generate the baseline information and identify the research problem which could be testified by employing quantitative methods. [3] To conclu...

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Scope of Mix-method studies in Pharmacy Practice Research

Cited by 6 publications

References 30 publications

Pharmacy students' anxiety towards research during their undergraduate degree; How to reduce it?

Pharmacy students' anxiety towards research during their undergraduate degree; How to reduce it?

Implementation of Innovative Learning Material to Improve Students Competence on Chemistry

Mixed-methods research in pharmacy practice and its implications

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