Scope of worldwide hepatitis C problem

Brown, Robert S.; Gaglio, Paul J.

doi:10.1053/jlts.2003.50244

Cited by 130 publications

(92 citation statements)

References 32 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…2 Chronic HBV/HCV infections are a major health concern due to both their prevalence and the associated morbidity and mortality. [3][4][5] The Egyptian Demographic Health Survey (EDHS) in 2008, on a large nationally representative sample, reported a 14.7% HCV prevalence among the 15-59 year age group. 6 Egypt has the highest HCV prevalence in the world.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence and risk factors for Hepatitis B and C among health care workers

Anwar

Ahmed

Sheemy

et al. 2017

Int. j. infect. control

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Health care workers (HCWs) are at high risk of exposure to hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) transmission due to injuries and frequency of exposure. We aimed to assess HBV/HCV seroprevalence among nurses and housekeepers in Beni-Suef University Hospital, and to identify possible risk factors.A cross sectional study was conducted from March to July 2016 using a self-administered questionnaire. A blood sample was withdrawn from each participant and tested for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and HCV antibodies. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) seropositivity to HCV was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR).The study involved 175/255 participants with a response rate of 68.5%. Nurses constituted 76% and 24% were housekeepers. Overall prevalence of HCV seropositivity was 4.6%, detected by ELISA. Confirmatory PCR testing revealed positivity in 75% (6/8) of these. Cut injuries were a risk factor for HCV positivity (OR 4.388, 95% CI 0.859 -22.4, P= 0.05). Previous training and use of gloves was a protective factor (OR 0.135, 95% CI .016-1.118, P= 0.03 and OR 0.241, 95% CI 0.055-1.04, P= 0.04 respectively). None of the participants was found to be HBV seropositive. Practices and behaviours posing risk for HCWs included needle stick injury (NSI) and cut injuries. Focus on improving safety training programs to HCWs and provision of infection prevention equipment is needed. In addition regular reporting, follow up and assessment of occupational exposures should be in place.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence and risk factors for Hepatitis B and C among health care workers

Anwar

Ahmed

Sheemy

et al. 2017

Int. j. infect. control

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Overall, the total economic impact of the disease in the United States is between $1 and $1.3 billion per year and is considerably more worldwide. 5,6 HCV infection sometimes results in clearance (15%), 7 a state that is recognized when HCV RNA cannot be detected in multiple blood samples from a patient with HCV-specific antibodies. 1 HCV clearance is known to occur less often in blacks people, alcohol users, and HIVinfected persons.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Single nucleotide polymorphisms and haplotypes in the IL10 region associated with HCV clearance

et al. 2005

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is an infectious blood-borne pathogen that usually persists as a chronic infection. However, approximately 15% of the time, patients can clear the virus, indicating that host differences could be critical in determining the course of HCV infection. The inflammatory response is crucial to resolving or failing to resolve an acute HCV infection. Some previous reports have implicated interleukin 10 (IL10) polymorphisms with successful anti-HCV therapy and natural viral clearance. We tested 54 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the IL10 region (7300 kb and 24 within the IL10 gene itself), which contains 13 genes including the IL10 immunomodulatory paralogs IL19, IL20, and IL24, for association with HCV clearance vs persistence. SNPs from two haplotype block regions, one at IL10 and the other from IL19/IL20, were associated with HCV clearance in African Americans (91 clearance cases and 183 chronically infected matched controls; P ¼ 0.05-0.002) while with expectation-maximization algorithm-reconstructed haplotypes, these associations remained (P ¼ 0.05-0.002). However, no significant associations were detected in European Americans (108 clearance and 245 chronic). Our results indicate that variants of the immunomodulatory IL10 and IL19/IL20 genes may be involved in natural clearance of HCV in the African-American population.

show abstract

“…106(1): 38-43, February 2011 Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is estimated to infect around 170 million people worldwide and is one of the main causes of chronic liver failure (Brown & Gaglio 2003). Combined treatment with interferon and ribavirin has been shown to interrupt fibrogenesis and can even reverse liver fibrosis when a sustained virological response (SVR) is obtained (Poynard et al 2002).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%