Scopes and opportunities of buffalo farming in Bangladesh: A review

Abstract

The present study attempts to examine the scenario of buffalo production in Bangladesh. The buffalo plays a very important role in the South Asian region which constitutes 77.5% of world buffalo population. This region has a great biodiversity in buffalo germplasm, including the world famous source promising buffaloes Murrah and Nili-Ravi -renowned for high milk production potential. It is estimated that about 96.05 % of Asia and 93.19 % of world buffalo milk are produced in South Asian countries. Besides, buffalo milk in South Asian countries is around 54.95 % of the total milk production. The India and Pakistan share 67.99% and 23.96%, of world buffalo milk production respectively. About 71.4% of world buffalo meat is produced in South Asian countries. Although buffalo is an integral part of livestock production system in South Asian countries, it has never been addressed in Bangladesh and always neglected despite their important role in the national economy. In Bangladesh, the total buffalo population are 1.464 million heads that are managed in household subsistence farming as well as extensive free range (Bathan) farming in saline coastal region that are used as a draught animal and partially for milk and meat production. The contribution of buffalo in total milk and meat production in Bangladesh is only 2.0% and 0.94%, respectively. This review has tried to unearth the present scenario of buffalo production in Bangladesh, describing the benefits and values of buffalo milk and meat, advantages of buffalo husbandry over cattle, constraints in buffalo production and recommendations for buffalo development in Bangladesh.

Metagenomics analysis revealed the distinctive ruminal microbiome and resistive profiles in dairy buffaloes

“…As an important ruminant species, buffaloes are estimated to be more than 200 million worldwide and made great contribution to the nutrition and health of humankind [ 14 ]. Compared with dairy cows, dairy buffaloes have some unique physiological patterns, such as higher nutritious milk for cheese and cream production [ 15 ], better adaptability to low-quality and less-digestible roughage, hot and humid climate [ 16 ], advantages in resistance and susceptibility to common bovine disease [ 17 ]. Comparative analysis of rumen microbiome nowadays attracts increasing interest to understand the above distinct physiological patterns in dairy buffaloes [ 18 ].…”

Reproduction performance, morphometric and structure population of Kuntu buffalo (Bubalis bubalis Merr) in Kampar District, Riau, Indonesia

“…The mating method applied was natural mating (84%) and artificial insemination (6%) (Table 1). It is due to farmers preferring natural mating it has a higher success rate in producing a pregnancy (Hamid et al 2016). Singh and Balhara (2016) stated that farmers who do good buffalo management would want artificial insemination on their livestock.…”

Existing buffalo husbandry practices at household farming level in selected coastal regions of Bangladesh

“…Rest of the farmers reared crossbred buffaloes and also mixed of indigenous and crossbred type. Hamid et al (2016) reviewed that buffalo in Bangladesh is mainly indigenous in origin and most of them are riverine type with exception of some swamp type in eastern part. Different crossbred population with Murrah, Nili-Ravi, Surti and Jaffrabadi are scantly available surrounding Indian border of Bangladesh (Huque and Borghese, 2013).…”