Scorpion envenomation: state of the art

Abroug, Fékri; Ouanes-Besbes, Lamia; Tilouche, Nejla; Elatrous, Souheil

doi:10.1007/s00134-020-05924-8

Cited by 76 publications

(96 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Scorpion poisoning is a great menace to the dwelling persons in tropical and sub-tropical regions posing severe complications such as death in some patients. It is noteworthy to mention that occasional deaths are well documented and most often occur in children [4,5]. In the last decades, the number of events caused by scorpion stings and consequent deaths have significantly been escalated in the world and almost more than 1200000 scorpion stings happen every year [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Usually, immediate local pain occurs which dissimulates to the adjacent anatomical areas. Discrete edema may be found at the sting site and sometimes the location of scorpion sting appeared [5,7]. Basically, the toxic impacts of Scorpion envenomation are attributed to the massive release of sympathetic and parasympathetic neurotransmitters [8], while the seriousness of the sickness is associated with cardiac and hemodynamic changes accompanied by cardiac shock and pulmonary edema leading to the death [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Epidemiological and Clinical Aspects of Scorpion Stings in Kurdistan Region of Iraq

Hussen¹,

Ahmed²

2020

Pol. J. Environ. Stud.

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Scorpion sting is still a heath problem and a serious issue threatening public health in many countries of the world including Kurdistan-region of Iraq. The current study aimed to find out the spatial distribution of scorpion stings and their clinical features in the north region of Iraq. It could be mentioned that the present research work is the first comprehensive attempt to highlight the epidemiological aspects of scorpionism and clinical manifestations of individuals bitten by scorpions in Iraq. To meet the requirements of the survey and epidemiological pattern, all the cases (n = 4162) of scorpion stings that attended the primary health care centers and clinics from January 1, 2017 to December 31, 2018 in Erbil, Duhok and Sulaymaniyah provinces were considered. Moreover, the monthly frequency of scorpion stings at the provincial level were perceived and exploited for epidemiological mapping. However, scorpion envenomation is a neurotoxic syndrome, but other disorders such as cardiac failure, acute pulmonary edema, shock and death can occur. Fortunately, most of the scorpion stings in adults in Kurdistan-region of Iraq are deemed mild envenomation. Having said severe cases with highly systematic envenomation was reported in Erbil province during the study period. At the study time, 41% of the cases were found in Erbil followed by Duhok (34%) and Sulaymaniyah (25%), and the scorpionenvenomed individuals aged 15-49 years. Regarding seasonal variations, the peak of scorpion stings was elevated in June, July and August, whilst lowered in January and February. On the other hand, the highest scorpion stings were recorded in 2017 as compared to 2018. Based on the results, it has been concluded that scorpionism is a dangerous health dilemma in Kurdistan-region of Iraq with a high risk level of scorpion envenomation during summer season in the area.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiological and Clinical Aspects of Scorpion Stings in Kurdistan Region of Iraq

Hussen¹,

Ahmed²

2020

Pol. J. Environ. Stud.

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“…It is prevalent in certain tropical and subtropical regions of the world with low-to-moderate resources, such as Africa, India, and Latin America [1,2]. There are several species of scorpions, some with potentially lethal venom to humans [3][4][5][6]. The toxin released by the sting stimulates the autonomic nervous system (ANS), sympathetic and parasympathetic, which activates the coagulation cascade.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The toxin released by the sting stimulates the autonomic nervous system (ANS), sympathetic and parasympathetic, which activates the coagulation cascade. Scorpion envenomation can produce a variety of clinical presentations, including cardiovascular (myocarditis, cardiogenic and/or distributive shock), respiratory (acute respiratory distress syndrome [ARDS]), hematological (disseminated intravascular coagulation [DIC]), renal (acute kidney injury), and neurological (seizures, autonomic dysfunction, and ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke) [4][5][6]. The aim of this review is to present the epidemiological characteristics and clinical manifestations as well as diagnosis and management of neurological complications following scorpion envenomation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurological and Systemic Manifestations of Severe Scorpion Envenomation

Godoy¹,

Badenes

Seifi³

et al. 2021

Cureus

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Scorpion envenomation is a life-threatening toxicological emergency and considered as a major public health problem, especially in endemic regions (India, Africa, Latin America); it is generally characterized by low resources and tropical or subtropical weather. Scorpion envenomation is especially fatal in the first hours, usually due to respiratory and/or cardiovascular collapse. The neurologic manifestations, triggered by multiple neurotoxic mechanisms, are varied and complex and mostly reported in children. The aim of this review is to clarify the epidemiologic characteristics and clinical manifestations as well as diagnosis and management of neurologic complications following scorpion envenomation. The management of patients with severe clinical forms is based on early recognition of the sting, antivenom serum administration, and cardiorespiratory and systemic support.

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“…In French Guiana, children represent 27.8% of calls to the regional emergency call service (SAMU 973) and 22.1% of consultations in the emergency department for scorpion sting [ 3 , 18 ]. Moreover, scorpion envenomation is globally more severe for children than adults [ 19 - 21 ]. Therefore, we designed this study to describe the epidemiological, environmental, clinical, biological and therapeutic features of pediatric scorpionism in French Guiana.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pediatric scorpionism in northern Amazonia: a 16-year study on epidemiological, environmental and clinical aspects

Vaucel¹,

Mutricy²,

Hoarau³

et al. 2020

J. Venom. Anim. Toxins incl. Trop. Dis

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Background: The Amazon basin is one of the seven major geographical areas where scorpionism is recorded. In French Guiana, 90 stings per 100,000 inhabitants are registered per year. As the severity of cases is higher in children, descriptive studies are needed to have a better understanding of this pathology. The aim of the present study is to describe pediatric scorpionism in French Guiana. Methods: We conducted a monocentric descriptive retrospective study on scorpion stings in all pediatric patients admitted to Cayenne General Hospital from January 1, 2002 to December 31, 2018. Results: In this survey, 132 patients were included. Of them, 63% were male. Patients with general signs of envenomation were younger and lighter (p = 0.04). The picture was “one sting” (95.3%) by a “big” (47.6%), “black” (60%) and “small pincer” (58%) scorpion on the extremity of the body (84%). Stings occurred mainly during the day, while patients changed clothes. There was no envenomation during night. The monthly evaluation highlights that the number of stings and percentage of general signs of envenomation were closely connected to a composite variable including the variation of the level of rivers (p = 0.005). Cardiac symptoms were recorded in 82% of cases with general signs of envenomation. The presence of pulmonary; ear, nose, and throat (ENT); or gastrointestinal symptoms are related to major envenomation (p = 0.001, p = 0.01, and p = 0.02 respectively). Leukocytosis and glycemia increased according to the envenomation grade whereas serum potassium and alkaline reserve decreased. Forty-six patients needed hospitalization and seven of them required intensive care. No patient died nor presented sequelae at discharge from the hospital. Conclusion: Pediatric scorpionism in French Guiana is closely associated with child activities and climatic conditions. Severe envenomation presented most of the time with cardiac, pulmonary, and gastrointestinal symptoms.

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Scorpion envenomation: state of the art

Cited by 76 publications

References 46 publications

Epidemiological and Clinical Aspects of Scorpion Stings in Kurdistan Region of Iraq

Epidemiological and Clinical Aspects of Scorpion Stings in Kurdistan Region of Iraq

Neurological and Systemic Manifestations of Severe Scorpion Envenomation

Pediatric scorpionism in northern Amazonia: a 16-year study on epidemiological, environmental and clinical aspects

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