4D printed stereolithography printed plant‐based sustainable polymers: Preliminary investigation and optimization

Abstract

The increasing demand for applying shape memory polymer to tissue culture and biomedical engineering has opened up research opportunities in the field of 4D Printing. The biocompatibility of the scaffolds as a culture medium resulted in the use of plant‐based polymers to provide an ambient environment for the growth of cells. This research investigates the 4D printing of acrylated epoxidized soybean oil (AESO), a plant‐based shape polymer. The objective of the present work is to establish the relationship between the 4D printing parameters (laser power frequency and print speed) and different properties of the printed material viz. tensile stress, surface roughness, wettability, recovery time, strain fixity and glass transition temperature. The maximum fixity was about 85%, while the recovery time as low as 1.6 s. The print parameters are optimized using regression modeling and multi‐objective optimization techniques. The shape memory effect of the polymer is demonstrated by printing samples at the optimized conditions. Dynamic mechanical analysis is performed to evaluate the variation in the glass transition temperature of AESO at specific print parameters. The adoption of an optimal set of laser frequency and print speed is found to improve the properties of AESO, while built by micro stereolithography (micro‐SLA).

Stereolithography of (meth)acrylate‐based photocurable resin: Thermal and mechanical properties

“…6 Some of the applications of this method can be addressed to the automobile, electric, biomedical, and aerospace industries. [7][8][9] Parameters such as laser power distribution and scanning speed during construction, resin characteristics (such as monomers, oligomers, and curing agent compositions) can play a decisive role the maximum density of cross-linking and consequently final properties. 8,10 Generally, acrylates, vinyl ethers, and epoxides have been among the types of multifunctional monomers which were used for laser-induced polymerization.…”

“…This process consists of layer‐by‐layer polymerization of the photosensitive resin 6 . Some of the applications of this method can be addressed to the automobile, electric, biomedical, and aerospace industries 7–9 …”

Design, analysis and validation of a centralized shifting mechanism with an electrical actuator

“…An optimum clearance of 0.6 mm between sliding/moving surfaces is given between the components, and for the hand pressfitting of bearings and parts, clearance of 0.3 mm is adopted. Also, the material properties of ABS and PLA are considered for component manufacturing, considering their load-carrying capacity [21]. The literature review suggested that the average tensile strength of PLA is 56.6 MPa, and for ABS, it is 28.5 MPa.…”

Cellulosic biomass-based sustainable hydrogels for wastewater remediation: Chemistry and prospective

“…With the current challenges, we are facing in terms of materials resources and pollution; there is an urgent need for more realistic ecological bio-based alternatives such as biopolymers; biocomposites, membrane and hydrogels. The cellulosic biomass derived from different natural resources offers a high potential to work as promising sustainable precursors for a cleaners and greener environment having advanced applications in water treatment, biomedical, soil remediation and pollution filtering to name a few using advanced synthesis and manufacturing techniques [13][14][15][16].…”