<scp>AIDS</scp>‐related <scp>K</scp>aposi's sarcoma in <scp>B</scp>razil: trends and geopolitical distribution

Saraceni, Valéria; Talhari, Carolina; Pereira, Gérson Fernando Mendes; Golub, Jonathan E.; Talhari, Sinésio; Miranda, Angélica Espinosa

doi:10.1111/ijd.12116

Cited by 6 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 27 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…10,11 In a study published by Saraceni et al in 2013, the prevalence of KS decreased after the introduction of ART in all regions of Brazil, suggesting an individual protection of the antiretroviral medication. 12 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…12 This is probably due to the high frequency of human herpes virus type 8 (HHV 8) infection, also called KS-associated herpes virus (KSHV) in men who have sex with men (MSM), a group predominantly affected by HIV infection in Brazil and in the state of Pernambuco. 13-15 Mean age was 33 years, with 32% of the patients being under 25 years of age.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In case series, few patients used ART at the time of KS diagnosis, similar to the data found by Saraceni et al, in which 57% of KS cases were diagnosed before the individual started antiretroviral treatment. 12 Among individuals not using ART, many presented old - but newly diagnosed - HIV infections. De Boer et al, in a survey conducted in South Africa with 161 patients, describes the relation of delayed diagnosis of HIV and the presence of advanced KS.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Clinical and laboratory characteristics, staging, and outcomes of individuals with AIDS-associated Kaposi's sarcoma at an university hospital

Lima¹,

Araújo

Teixeira

et al. 2017

An. Bras. Dermatol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundKaposi's sarcoma continues to be the most common human immunodeficiency virus - associated neoplasm with considerable morbidity and mortality.ObjectiveTo describe the clinical and laboratory characteristics, initial staging, and outcomes of aids patients with Kaposi's sarcoma at an university hospital of Recife, Pernambuco.MethodsThis is a descriptive study with analytic character, retrospective, of a case series between 2004 and 2014.ResultsOf the 22 patients included in the study, 20 were aged <40 years (72.7%). The majority had CD4+ T lymphocyte counts of <200 cells/mm3 (77.3%) and human immunodeficiency virus loads of <100,000 copies/mL (78.9%). Lesions were most commonly observed on the skin (90%), and internal organs were affected in 11 of the 22 patients. Only 7 (31.8%) of the 22 patients were undergoing antiretroviral therapy (ART) at the time of Kaposis sarcoma diagnosis, and the initial disease staging classification was high risk (Aids Clinical Trials Group Oncology Committee) in 19 of the 22 patients (86.4%). Regarding Kaposi's sarcoma treatment, 17 of 22 patients (77.3%) underwent systemic chemotherapy + ART and 5 were treated exclusively with ART. Eight of the 22 patients died (36.5%); of these, 87.5% had died within one year of Kaposi's sarcoma diagnosis.Limitation of the studyWithout a control group, this study cannot be used to generate hypotheses.ConclusionsDespite the association between aids and late Kaposi's sarcoma diagnosis in the study population, including an unfavorable risk at the time of staging, a lower mortality rate was observed relative to other studies; this might be related to access to a specialized health service.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Clinical and laboratory characteristics, staging, and outcomes of individuals with AIDS-associated Kaposi's sarcoma at an university hospital

Lima¹,

Araújo

Teixeira

et al. 2017

An. Bras. Dermatol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A retrospective review of clinical records in a teaching hospital in North-western Nigeria covering the period 1994–2004 also found the prevalence of Kaposis sarcoma to be very low (only 27cases in 11 years) [53]. Another study that examined trends of Kaposis sarcoma for the period 1982–2009 in Brazil found a prevalence of only 2.4 % among HIV+ individuals [54]. The study also showed a significant reduction in Kaposis sarcoma prevalence attributed to increased access to HAART over time [54].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another study that examined trends of Kaposis sarcoma for the period 1982–2009 in Brazil found a prevalence of only 2.4 % among HIV+ individuals [54]. The study also showed a significant reduction in Kaposis sarcoma prevalence attributed to increased access to HAART over time [54]. Another study that evaluated time trends of AIDS-defining diseases diagnosed in Italy during the pre-HAART period (1982–1996) noted downward trends for mycoses, PCP, Karposis sarcoma and non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas and upward trends for mycobacterioses, bacterial and protozoal infections [55].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends in prevalence of diarrhoea, Kaposi’s sarcoma, bacterial pneumonia, malaria and geohelminths among HIV positive individuals in Uganda

2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundTrends in prevalence of opportunistic infections (OIs) associated with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in resource poor settings have previously not been well documented. The objective of this study was to describe the trends in prevalence of Diarrhoea, Bacterial pneumonia, Kaposi’s sarcoma, Malaria and Geohelminths among HIV positive individuals over a 12 year period in Uganda.MethodsObservation data for 5972 HIV positive individuals enrolled with the AIDS support organisation (TASO) in Uganda were analysed. Study participants were drawn from three HIV clinics located in different geographical areas of Uganda and followed from January 2002 to December 2013. The prevalence trends for the above OIs were plotted using the Box Jenkins moving average technique. X2-test for trend was used to test for the significance of the trends and Pearson’s correlation coefficient used to test for the strength of linear relationship between OI prevalence and calendar time. Mixed effect linear regression was used to estimate average monthly change in prevalence with monthly variation modelled as a random effect.ResultsA total of 204,871 monthly medical reports were retrieved and analysed. 73 % (4301/5972) were female with a median age of 32 years (inter-quartile range 26–39). Overall, significant decreasing mean annual prevalence trends (p < 0.05, X2trend) were observed for Diarrhoea (<1 month) with Pearson’s correlation coefficient (r = −0.89), Malaria (r = −0.75), Bacterial Pneumonia (r = −0.52), and Geohelminth (r = −0.32). Non-significant increasing mean annual prevalence trend was observed for Kaposis sarcoma (p = 0.20, X2trend; r = +0.26). After adjusting for age, sex and clinic in a mixed effects linear regression model, average monthly prevalence declined significantly at a rate of 0.4 % for Kaposis sarcoma, 0.3 % for Geohelminths, 2 % for Malaria, 1 % for Bacterial Pneumonia and 3 % for Diarrhoea(<1 month). However, the rate of decline per month differed significantly (p < 0.05) by HIV clinic for Diarrhoea (<1 month), and age, sex and clinic for malaria.Conclusions and recommendationsOverall, decreasing trends were observed in the above OIs. However the trends differed significantly by OI, geographical location and demographic characteristics. There is urgent need to integrate interventions targeting malaria and geohelminths in HIV programmes.

show abstract

HIV and cancer: a comparative retrospective study of Brazilian and U.S. clinical cohorts

Castilho

Luz

Shepherd

et al. 2015

Infect Agents Cancer

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundWith successful antiretroviral therapy, non-communicable diseases, including malignancies, are increasingly contributing to morbidity and mortality among HIV-infected persons. The epidemiology of AIDS-defining cancers (ADCs) and non-AIDS-defining cancers (NADCs) in HIV-infected populations in Brazil has not been well described. It is not known if cancer trends in HIV-infected populations in Brazil are similar to those of other countries where antiretroviral therapy is also widely available.MethodsWe performed a retrospective analysis of clinical cohorts at Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas (INI) in Rio de Janeiro and Vanderbilt Comprehensive Care Clinic (VCCC) in Nashville from 1998 to 2010. We used Poisson regression and standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) to examine incidence trends. Clinical and demographic predictors of ADCs and NADCs were examined using Cox proportional hazards models.ResultsThis study included 2,925 patients at INI and 3,927 patients at VCCC. There were 57 ADCs at INI (65% Kaposi sarcoma), 47 at VCCC (40% Kaposi sarcoma), 45 NADCs at INI, and 82 at VCCC. From 1998 to 2004, incidence of ADCs remained statistically unchanged at both sites. From 2005 to 2010, ADC incidence decreased in both cohorts (INI incidence rate ratio per year = 0.74, p < 0.01; VCCC = 0.75, p < 0.01). Overall Kaposi sarcoma incidence was greater at INI than VCCC (3.0 vs. 1.2 cases per 1,000 person-years, p < 0.01). Incidence of NADCs remained constant throughout the study period (overall INI incidence 3.6 per 1,000 person-years and VCCC incidence 5.3 per 1,000 person-years). Compared to general populations, overall risk of NADCs was increased at both sites (INI SIR = 1.4 [95% CI 1.1-1.9] and VCCC SIR = 1.3 [1.0-1.7]). After non-melanoma skin cancers, the most frequent NADCs were anal cancer at INI (n = 7) and lung cancer at VCCC (n = 11). In multivariate models, risk of ADC was associated with male sex and immunosuppression. Risk of NADC was associated with increased age.ConclusionsIn both cohorts, ADCs have decreased over time, though incidence of KS was higher at INI than VCCC. Rates of NADCs remained constant over time at both sites.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/1750-9378-10-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

show abstract

AIDS‐related Kaposi's sarcoma in Brazil: trends and geopolitical distribution

Abstract: Prevalence of KS declined after the introduction of ART in all regions of Brazil, suggesting individual protection conveyed by ART.

Cited by 6 publications

References 27 publications

Clinical and laboratory characteristics, staging, and outcomes of individuals with AIDS-associated Kaposi's sarcoma at an university hospital

Clinical and laboratory characteristics, staging, and outcomes of individuals with AIDS-associated Kaposi's sarcoma at an university hospital

Trends in prevalence of diarrhoea, Kaposi’s sarcoma, bacterial pneumonia, malaria and geohelminths among HIV positive individuals in Uganda

HIV and cancer: a comparative retrospective study of Brazilian and U.S. clinical cohorts

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About