<scp>CALCIUM‐DEPENDENT PROTEIN KINASE32</scp> regulates cellulose biosynthesis through post‐translational modification of cellulose synthase

Xin, Xiaoran; Wei, Donghui; Lei, Lei; Zheng, Haiyan; Wallace, Ian S.; Li, Shundai; Gu, Ying

doi:10.1111/nph.19106

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…This can be attributed to the increase of cellulose synthase activity mediated by SW-induced increase of cytosolic Ca 2+ and the function of certain CDPKs. This is consistence with the recent findings of Xin et al [ 57 ] who uncovered a novel CDPK (CPK32) that regulates cellulose biosynthesis, motility, and bidirectional movement of cellulose synthase complexes.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Sound waves alter the viability of tobacco cells via changes in cytosolic calcium, membrane integrity, and cell wall composition

Sardari,

Ghanati,

Mobasheri

et al. 2024

PLoS ONE

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The effect of sound waves (SWs) on plant cells can be considered as important as other mechanical stimuli like touch, wind, rain, and gravity, causing certain responses associated with the downstream signaling pathways on the whole plant. The objective of the present study was to elucidate the response of suspension-cultured tobacco cells (Nicotiana tabacum L. cv Burley 21) to SW at different intensities. The sinusoidal SW (1,000 Hz) was produced through a signal generator, amplified, and beamed to the one layer floating tobacco cells inside a soundproof chamber at intensities of 60, 75, and 90 dB at the plate level for 15, 30, 45, and 60 min. Calibration of the applied SW intensities, accuracy, and uniformity of SW was performed by a sound level meter, and the cells were treated. The effect of SW on tobacco cells was monitored by quantitation of cytosolic calcium, redox status, membrane integrity, wall components, and the activity of wall modifying enzymes. Cytosolic calcium ions increased as a function of sound intensity with a maximum level of 90 dB. Exposure to 90 dB was also accompanied by a significant increase of H2O2 and membrane lipid peroxidation rate but the reduction of total antioxidant and radical scavenging capacities. The increase of wall rigidity in these cells was attributed to an increase in wall-bound phenolic acids and lignin and the activities of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase and covalently bound peroxidase. In comparison, in 60- and 75 dB, radical scavenging capacity increased, and the activity of wall stiffening enzymes reduced, but cell viability showed no changes. The outcome of the current study reveals that the impact of SW on plant cells is started by an increase in cytosolic calcium. However, upon calcium signaling, downstream events, including alteration of H2O2 and cell redox status and the activities of wall modifying enzymes, determined the extent of SW effects on tobacco cells.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Sound waves alter the viability of tobacco cells via changes in cytosolic calcium, membrane integrity, and cell wall composition

Sardari,

Ghanati,

Mobasheri

et al. 2024

PLoS ONE

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“…The regulation of gene expression by promoter regions and other regulatory DNA sequences, such as enhancers, silencers, or insulators, allows the plant metabolism to respond to a particular demand. However, this response remains rough, and requires further posttranslational protein modification or precise enzyme regulation to be refined [72,[74][75][76][77]. Therefore, the changes in gene expression are not directly associated with modifications of the encoded protein concentration or enzyme activity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant Synthetic Promoters

Szymczyk,

Majewska

2024

Applied Sciences

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This article examines the structure and functions of the plant synthetic promoters frequently used to precisely regulate complex regulatory routes. It details the composition of native promoters and their interacting proteins to provide a better understanding of the tasks associated with synthetic promoter development. The production of synthetic promoters is performed by relatively small libraries produced generally by basic molecular or genetic engineering methods such as cis-element shuffling or domain swapping. The article also describes the preparation of large-scale libraries supported by synthetic DNA fragments, directed evolution, and machine or deep-learning methodologies. The broader application of novel, synthetic promoters reduces the prevalence of homology-based gene silencing or improves the stability of transgenes. A particularly interesting group of synthetic promoters are bidirectional forms, which can enable the expression of up to eight genes by one regulatory element. The introduction and controlled expression of several genes after one transgenic event strongly decreases the frequency of such problems as complex segregation patterns and the random integration of multiple transgenes. These complications are commonly observed during the transgenic crop development enabled by traditional, multistep transformation using genetic constructs containing a single gene. As previously tested DNA promoter fragments demonstrate low complexity and homology, their abundance can be increased by using orthogonal expression systems composed of synthetic promoters and trans-factors that do not occur in nature or arise from different species. Their structure, functions, and applications are rendered in the article. Among them are presented orthogonal systems based on transcription activator-like effectors (dTALEs), synthetic dTALE activated promoters (STAPs) and dCas9-dependent artificial trans-factors (ATFs). Synthetic plant promoters are valuable tools for providing precise spatiotemporal regulation and introducing logic gates into the complex genetic traits that are important for basic research studies and their application in crop plant development. Precisely regulated metabolic routes are less prone to undesirable feedback regulation and energy waste, thus improving the efficiency of transgenic crops.

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“…The gene expression regulation mediated by promoter regions and other regulatory DNA sequences as enhancers, silencers, or insulators is recognized as a necessary, but still rough, adjustment of plant metabolic machinery to a particular demand that is further refined through posttranslational protein modifications or precise enzyme regulation [72,[74][75][76][77][78][79]. Therefore, the changes in gene expression are not directly associated with modifications of the encoded protein concentration or enzyme activity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant Synthetic Promoters

Szymczyk,

Majewska

2024

Preprint

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The article features the structure and functions of plant synthetic promoters frequently exercised to precisely regulate complex regulatory routes. The composition of plant native promoters together with interacting proteins is presented to provide a better understanding of tasks associated with synthetic promoter development. The production of synthetic promoters is conferred on relatively small libraries produced generally by basic molecular or genetic engineering methods such as cis-element shuffling or domain swapping. Moreover, the preparation of large-scale libraries supported by synthetic DNA fragments, directed evolution, and machine or deep learning methodologies is presented. A particularly interesting group of synthetic promoters are bidirectional forms that enable the putative expression of up to 6–8 genes by one regulatory element. The introduction and controlled expression of several genes after one transgenic event strongly decreases the frequency of such problems as complex segregation patterns and random integration of multiple transgenes. These complications are commonly observed during transgenic crop development through traditional, multistep transformation by genetic constructs containing a single gene. Another path to solving problems associated with the low complexity and homology of already tested DNA fragments is through orthogonal expression systems composed of synthetic promoters and trans-factors that do not occur in nature or arise from different species. Their structure, functions, and applications are rendered in the article.

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CALCIUM‐DEPENDENT PROTEIN KINASE32 regulates cellulose biosynthesis through post‐translational modification of cellulose synthase

Cited by 6 publications

References 59 publications

Sound waves alter the viability of tobacco cells via changes in cytosolic calcium, membrane integrity, and cell wall composition

Sound waves alter the viability of tobacco cells via changes in cytosolic calcium, membrane integrity, and cell wall composition

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