<scp>CD99</scp> and <scp>NKX2</scp>.2 positive neuroblastoma diagnosed on cytology: A potential diagnostic pitfall and necessity of pathological evaluation of the primary site

Devi, Chenniappan Aparna; Alashetty, Soumya; Champaka, G; Dharmalingam, Priya; Kapali, Anuradha; Kumar, Nuthan

doi:10.1002/dc.25124

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 13 publications

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“…Distinguishing ES/PNET from neuroblastoma is generally accomplished by immunohistochemistry (Table 2). ES/PNET stains for CD99 and NKX2.2 (Figure 3A,B), but both markers may rarely be positive in neuroblastoma 26,27 . Recently, GATA‐3 was shown the be a promising marker for distinguishing neuroblastoma and ES/PNET, although care should be taken to exclude other SBRCTs, as T‐cell lymphoblastic lymphoma similar to neuroblastoma was shown to stain for GATA‐3 and otherwise shows an overlapping immunoprofile, with ES/PNET sharing expression of CD99 28,29 .…”

Section: Neuroblastic Tumoursmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurogenic tumours of the posterior mediastinum and differential diagnosis considerations

den Bakker,

Weissferdt

2023

Histopathology

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The mediastinal compartment harbours vital organs and structures, including the heart, great vessels, major airways, and thymus. These structures are embedded in and associated with soft‐tissue elements consisting of adipose and fibro‐collagenous tissue in which soft‐tissue tumours may develop. A detailed inventory of soft‐tissue tumours that may be encountered in the mediastinum based on the WHO 2013 classification was published in 2015. In addition, several comprehensive reviews on mediastinal soft‐tissue pathology are available, including reviews focusing specifically on a single tumour type. This review will focus on primary neurogenic and spindle cell tumours of the somatic soft tissue of the posterior mediastinum and provide a discussion of the pertinent differential diagnoses.

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Section: Neuroblastic Tumoursmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurogenic tumours of the posterior mediastinum and differential diagnosis considerations

den Bakker,

Weissferdt

2023

Histopathology

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Expression of NKX2.2 in Non-Ewing Tumors With Round Cell Morphology

Saeed,

Hassan,

Hussain

et al. 2023

Cureus

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Background Round cell sarcomas pose diagnostic challenges due to overlapping histopathological features, necessitating precise immunohistochemical markers for accurate categorization. NKX2.2 has emerged as a sensitive diagnostic tool, particularly in Ewing sarcoma. This study extends this understanding to various round-cell sarcomas, shedding light on the potential diagnostic utility of NKX2.2 beyond its established role. The nuanced exploration of NKX2.2 expression aims to enhance diagnostic strategies, prognostic assessments, and therapeutic developments in the landscape of sarcoma research. Methodology Cases were retrieved from the surgical pathology and consultation files of Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Center, Lahore, Pakistan. Representative hematoxylin and eosin-stained slides of six different types of already confirmed tumors, including lymphoblastic lymphoma, neuroblastoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, synovial sarcoma, Wilms tumor, and Ewing sarcoma, were reviewed by a panel of pathologists. Immunohistochemistry, utilizing a rabbit anti-NKX2.2 monoclonal antibody, was performed on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue sections. The presence of NKX2.2 was defined as moderate or high nuclear immunoreactivity in at least 5% of cells. Results The histopathological examination revealed characteristic features in each sarcoma subtype, aligning with established diagnostic criteria. In Lymphoblastic lymphoma, T-cell lineage was confirmed through TdT expression, while the atypical finding of focal NKX 2.2 expression hinted at genetic diversity. Neuroblastoma exhibited the expected salt and pepper chromatin pattern, with NKX 2.2 expression raising questions about its prognostic significance. Rhabdomyosarcoma presented primitive cells expressing desmin, and NKX 2.2 focal expression echoed previous subtype-associated studies. Synovial sarcoma displayed both monophasic and biphasic growth patterns and TLE1 expression, with NKX 2.2 variation suggesting tumor heterogeneity. In Wilms tumor, the characteristic WT1 expression was observed, while NKX2.2's absence reaffirmed its irrelevance in this context. Ewing sarcoma displayed the anticipated homogenous cell population, strong NKX2.2 expression, and CD99 positivity across various sites. Furthermore, age and gender impact on this range of sarcomas found no significant relation with an expression of NKX2.2. Conclusion In conclusion, the diverse expression profiles of diagnostic markers discovered in this study, particularly the atypical expression of NKX2.2 beyond its established role in Ewing sarcoma, signify a significant advancement. This unique finding accentuates the potential diagnostic importance of NKX2.2 in various sarcomas, presenting a novel dimension to our understanding of these malignancies.

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CD99 and NKX2.2 positive neuroblastoma diagnosed on cytology: A potential diagnostic pitfall and necessity of pathological evaluation of the primary site

Cited by 2 publications

References 13 publications

Neurogenic tumours of the posterior mediastinum and differential diagnosis considerations

Neurogenic tumours of the posterior mediastinum and differential diagnosis considerations

Expression of NKX2.2 in Non-Ewing Tumors With Round Cell Morphology

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