D‐Glucuronic Acid Coated Gd(IO₃)₃·2H₂O Nanomaterial as a Potential T₁ MRI‐CT Dual Contrast Agent

Abstract

To date, only a few nanosystems have been investigated as T 1 MRI-CT dual contrast agents. The T 1 MRI-CT dual functionality of a material depends on its longitudinal water-proton relaxivity (r 1 ) and X-ray absorption strength. We explored Gd(IO 3 ) 3 ·2H 2 O nanomaterial because Gd is the most powerful element for T 1 MRI contrast agents, and both Gd and I absorb X-ray radiation; Gd absorbs X-ray radiation ca. 2.5 times more strongly than I. D-Glucuronic acid coated Gd(IO 3 ) 3 ·

Lanthanide Nanoparticles: From Design toward Bioimaging and Therapy

“…Lee and co-workers synthesized D-glucuronic acid coated Gd(IO 3 ) 3 ·2H 2 O nanomaterials by one-pot precipitation method. 193 These nanomaterials exhibited relatively high r 1 and r 2 (52.3 and 63.4 mM −1 s −1 , respectively) at 1.5 T, and X-ray attenuation properties due to the existence of gadolinium and iodine. Li and co-workers presented a reverse microemulsion method to synthesize the monodispersed hexadecyl trimethylammonium bromide-stabilized Gd 2 (CO 3 ) 3 :Tb nanoparticles with a narrow size distribution in the range of 8−12 nm shaped as a quasisphere.…”

Cyclic RGD‐Coated Ultrasmall Gd2O3 Nanoparticles as Tumor‐Targeting Positive Magnetic Resonance Imaging Contrast Agents

“…One of major subjects in the field of nanomedicine is the targeted theranosis of tumors Among the various available approaches, gadolinium oxide (Gd 2 O 3 ) nanoparticles (GNPs) offer the unique property of simultaneous use for multimodal imaging and therapy . Various application areas of GNPs include: positive magnetic resonance imaging ( T 1 MRI) using the spin magnetic moment of Gd III ( 8 S 7/2 ), which is the highest of all elements in the periodic table;, X‐ray computed tomography (CT), , using the very high X‐ray attenuation coefficient of Gd; and gadolinium neutron capture therapy (GdNCT) using the thermal neutron capture cross section (254000 barns) of 157 Gd (natural abundance = 15.6 %), which is the highest among the stable radionuclides . In this study, tumor‐targeting T 1 MRI is explored.…”

Synthesis, Characterization, and Enhanced Cancer‐Imaging Application of Trans‐activator of Transcription Peptide‐conjugated Ultrasmall Gadolinium Oxide Nanoparticles

“…Gadolinium oxide (Gd 2 O 3 ) nanoparticles (GNPs) are extremely useful for biomedical applications because they possess various excellent physical properties applicable to cancer theragnosis . These applications include positive (T 1 ) magnetic resonance imaging (T 1 MRI), computed tomography (CT) scan, and gadolinium neutron capture therapy (GdNCT) of cancers . For biomedical applications, coating of the GNP surfaces with hydrophilic and biocompatible ligands is essential.…”