<scp>ECOSTRESS</scp> reveals pre‐fire vegetation controls on burn severity for Southern California wildfires of 2020

Pascolini‐Campbell, Madeleine; Lee, Christine M.; Stavros, E. Natasha; Fisher, Joshua B.

doi:10.1111/geb.13526

Cited by 24 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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Section: Changing Fire Regimesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the Australian Black Summer, Brazilian Pantanal and western US fires, the large burn areas were found to be a function of extremely dry conditions (Collins et al, 2022; Coop et al, 2022; Ferreira Barbosa et al, 2022; Pascolini‐Campbell et al, 2022; Safford et al, 2022). Several studies also examined the drivers of fire severity, finding that fire weather and atmospheric aridity (vapour pressure deficit), and drought stress, were all important drivers of fire severity in south‐eastern Australia and the western United States (Collins et al, 2022; Pascolini‐Campbell et al, 2022; Safford et al, 2022). Pascolini‐Campbell et al (2022) identified the importance of terrain in driving fire severity in Southern California, with higher fire severity observed at high elevations and on steep slopes.…”

Section: What Is Driving Extreme Fire Seasons?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies also examined the drivers of fire severity, finding that fire weather and atmospheric aridity (vapour pressure deficit), and drought stress, were all important drivers of fire severity in south‐eastern Australia and the western United States (Collins et al, 2022; Pascolini‐Campbell et al, 2022; Safford et al, 2022). Pascolini‐Campbell et al (2022) identified the importance of terrain in driving fire severity in Southern California, with higher fire severity observed at high elevations and on steep slopes. In both south‐eastern Australia and the Western United States, the large burn areas of 2020 were largely consistent with long‐term trends of increasing fire size and warming and drying (Collins et al, 2022; Safford et al, 2022).…”

Section: What Is Driving Extreme Fire Seasons?mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Increasing threat of wildfires: the year 2020 in perspective: A Global Ecology and Biogeography special issue

Nolan

Anderson

Poulter

et al. 2022

Global Ecol Biogeogr

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Aim: Each year, wild and managed fires burn roughly 4 million km 2 [~400 million hectares (Mha)] of savanna, forest, grassland and agricultural ecosystems. Land use and climate change have altered fire regimes throughout the world, with a trend toward higher-severity fires found from Australia, the Americas, Europe and Asia, to the Arctic.In 2020, there were notable catastrophic fires in Australia (in the 2019/20 Austral fire season), the Western United States, South America and Siberia. These fires defined much of the global fire year and were compounded by the socio-economic disruption of the Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Location: Global.Time period: 2020.Major taxa studied: Flora and fauna. Methods:The Global Ecology and Biogeography special issue, 'Increasing threat of wildfires: the year 2020 in perspective', includes 18 papers that catalogue these fire events, their drivers and their impacts on flora and fauna.Results: Collectively, these papers highlight the importance of fire response traits, exposure and sensitivity to interacting threats in determining fire impacts. Main conclusions:The scale of the 2020 megafires has helped identify new research areas required to more comprehensively assess fire impacts on biodiversity and biogeochemistry and to inform ecosystem management.

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Section: Changing Fire Regimesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: What Is Driving Extreme Fire Seasons?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: What Is Driving Extreme Fire Seasons?mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Increasing threat of wildfires: the year 2020 in perspective: A Global Ecology and Biogeography special issue

Nolan

Anderson

Poulter

et al. 2022

Global Ecol Biogeogr

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“…The recently launched Ecosystem Spaceborne Thermal Radiometer Experiment on Space Station (ECOSTRESS) mission provides daily estimation of water use and demand (i.e., evapotranspiration and evaporative stress index) based on the frequent image acquisition (i.e., multiple times of day with a return frequency of 1–5 days) (Fisher et al., 2020). Despite a short term‐deployment on the space station, ECOSTRESS can help us understand pre‐ and post‐disturbance diurnal ecosystem processes related to vegetation water stress (Pascolini‐Campbell et al., 2022) and productivity (Poulos et al., 2021).…”

Section: Sensors and Platforms For Observing Cz Disturbancementioning

confidence: 99%

Seeing the Disturbed Forest for the Trees: Remote Sensing Is Underutilized to Quantify Critical Zone Response to Unprecedented Disturbance

et al. 2023

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Understanding the severity and extent of near surface critical zone (CZ) disturbances and their ecosystem response is a pressing concern in the face of increasing human and natural disturbances. Predicting disturbance severity and recovery in a changing climate requires comprehensive understanding of ecosystem feedbacks among vegetation and the surrounding environment, including climate, hydrology, geomorphology, and biogeochemistry. Field surveys and satellite remote sensing have limited ability to effectively capture the spatial and temporal variability of disturbance and CZ properties. Technological advances in remote sensing using new sensors and new platforms have improved observations of changes in vegetation canopy structure and productivity; however, integrating measures of forest disturbance from various sensing platforms is complex. By connecting the potential for remote sensing technologies to observe different CZ disturbance vectors, we show that lower severity disturbance and slower vegetation recovery are more difficult to quantify. Case studies in montane forests from the western United States highlight new opportunities, including evaluating post‐disturbance forest recovery at multiple scales, shedding light on understory vegetation regrowth, detecting specific physiological responses, and refining ecohydrological modeling. Learning from regional CZ disturbance case studies, we propose future directions to synthesize fragmented findings with (a) new data analysis using new or existing sensors, (b) data fusion across multiple sensors and platforms, (c) increasing the value of ground‐based observations, (d) disturbance modeling, and (e) synthesis to improve understanding of disturbance.

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“…However, the recent launch of the ECOSTRESS (Ecosystem Spaceborne Thermal Radiometer Experiment on Space Station) mission provides the opportunity to evaluate how pre-fire landscape hydrology influences fire behavior due to the frequent acquisition of landscape water balance data at an ecologically-relevant pixel size of 70 meters (Fisher, 2018). Yet, to my knowledge, only one study has examined how pre-fire vegetation hydrology influences contemporary landscape fires (Pascolini-Campbell et al, 2022). In that study of six fires using ECOSTRESS to investigate its potential as a fire behavior driver, they demonstrated the importance of antecedent plant water stress as a significant driver of high-severity fire.…”

Section: Vegetation Moisture Content and Landscape Water Balancementioning

confidence: 99%

Topohydrological Influences on Wildfire Severity in the American Southwest

Otaola

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the unwavering support and guidance throughout my master's program. Helen, you have taught me so many academic skills and life lessons that I will never forget. Thank you for all the new experiences. I will never forget our trip to Mexico that came with a lot of firsts for me; first time camping, first time out of the country, and the longest hikes I've ever been on. It was truly a once in a lifetime experience and I am so glad that I was able to join the trip. I am so happy that you were my advisor, and I couldn't imagine it any other way. I am so appreciative of your mentorship and friendship that we have built in the past year.Thank you so much for believing in me and taking me under your wing.Thank you to my thesis committee, Dr. Marty Gilmore and Dr. Dana Royer, for supporting me and offering guidance throughout the process. I appreciate your dedication to making my thesis the very best that it could be. I would also like to thank Dr. Kim Diver who helped me get to where I am today.Without her guidance and support, I would not have had the opportunity to be a part of the BA/MA program here at Wesleyan. Thank you to Dr. Raquel Bryant for all your encouraging words when I was at some of my lowest points in the thesis writing process. Your kindness does not go unnoticed.Lastly, I would like to thank my family and friends who have supported me throughout the pursuit of my master's degree. To my mom, your endless support is never overlooked, and I would not be the person I am today without you, I hope I have made you proud. To my grandparents, from all the encouraging Facetime calls to the retail therapy Target gift cards, thank you and I am so lucky

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ECOSTRESS reveals pre‐fire vegetation controls on burn severity for Southern California wildfires of 2020

Cited by 24 publications

References 53 publications

Increasing threat of wildfires: the year 2020 in perspective: A Global Ecology and Biogeography special issue

Increasing threat of wildfires: the year 2020 in perspective: A Global Ecology and Biogeography special issue

Seeing the Disturbed Forest for the Trees: Remote Sensing Is Underutilized to Quantify Critical Zone Response to Unprecedented Disturbance

Topohydrological Influences on Wildfire Severity in the American Southwest

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